Dataset Information

Eurasian back-migration into Northeast Africa was a complex and multifaceted process.

ABSTRACT: Recent studies have identified Northeast Africa as an important area for human movements during the Holocene. Eurasian populations have moved back into Northeastern Africa and contributed to the genetic composition of its people. By gathering the largest reference dataset to date of Northeast, North, and East African as well as Middle Eastern populations, we give new depth to our knowledge of Northeast African demographic history. By employing local ancestry methods, we isolated the Non-African parts of modern-day Northeast African genomes and identified the best putative source populations. Egyptians and Sudanese Copts bore most similarities to Levantine populations whilst other populations in the region generally had predominantly genetic contributions from the Arabian peninsula rather than Levantine populations for their Non-African genetic component. We also date admixture events and investigated which factors influenced the date of admixture and find that major linguistic families were associated with the date of Eurasian admixture. Taken as a whole we detect complex patterns of admixture and diverse origins of Eurasian admixture in Northeast African populations of today.

SUBMITTER: Hammaren R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10631636 | biostudies-literature | 2023

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Eurasian back-migration into Northeast Africa was a complex and multifaceted process.

Hammarén Rickard R Goldstein Steven T ST Schlebusch Carina M CM

PloS one 20231108 11

Recent studies have identified Northeast Africa as an important area for human movements during the Holocene. Eurasian populations have moved back into Northeastern Africa and contributed to the genetic composition of its people. By gathering the largest reference dataset to date of Northeast, North, and East African as well as Middle Eastern populations, we give new depth to our knowledge of Northeast African demographic history. By employing local ancestry methods, we isolated the Non-African ...[more]

PMID: 37939042

Similar Datasets

Project description:The domestication is an evolutionary process during which individuals will progressively adapt to an environment controlled by humans. It is accompanied by epigenetic and genetic modifications potentially leading to modifications in the transcriptomic profile in various tissues. The reproduction process is among the biological functions highly affected whatever the species and/or the way of domestication. Indeed, the reproduction success often decreases in domesticated populations. For fish, the molecular content of the eggs is crucial for the proper embryogenesis. Among these molecules the mRNA content depends directly from the gene expression and thus may reflect the genetic modifications occurring during this process. Here, we investigated the transcriptomic profile of eggs coming from females of two populations (F1 and Fx) that were reared in the same conditions and were genetically close. Our main goal was thus to determine how the domestication process may affect the reproduction success in the Eurasian perch and if it was mediated by the regulation of the transcription in the eggs. A regular follow up of the oogenesis progression showed few differences of the hormonal production between the two populations. Nevertheless, the histological study showed that the F1 females were more developed by the end of the oogenesis induction than the domesticated ones and as a result, they spawned earlier than the domesticated ones. The study of the early developmental success revealed significant differences between the populations. The microarray analysis of unfertilized eggs presented more than 350 transcripts differently expressed between the two populations. Among them, some specific genes were drastically more expressed in the domesticated (mex3B, hace1 and an uncharacterized protein) or F1 (per) populations. Our data show that the F1 population is more sensitive to the environmental conditions to advance oogenesis and reach the spawning season earlier. The transcriptomic profiles in eggs coming from the two populations were different and may lead to developmental impairments having a potential link with the domestication process. Further analyses are needed to explain these differences.

Project description:BackgroundThe MRC/Wits University Agincourt research centre, part of the INDEPTH Network, has documented mortality in a defined population in the rural northeast of South Africa for 20 years (1992-2011) using long-term health and socio-demographic surveillance. Detail on the unfolding, at times unpredicted, mortality pattern has been published. This experience is reviewed here and updated using more recent data.ObjectiveTo present a review and summary of mortality patterns across all age-sex groups in the Agincourt sub-district population for the period 1992-2011 as a comprehensive basis for public health action.DesignVital events in the Agincourt population have been updated in annual surveys undertaken since 1992. All deaths have been rigorously recorded and followed by verbal autopsy interviews. Responses to questions from these interviews have been processed retrospectively using the WHO 2012 verbal autopsy standard and the InterVA-4 model for assigning causes of death in a standardised manner.ResultsBetween 1992 and 2011, a total of 12,209 deaths were registered over 1,436,195 person-years of follow-up, giving a crude mortality rate of 8.5 per 1,000 person-years. During the 20-year period, the population experienced a major HIV epidemic, which resulted in more than doubling of overall mortality for an extended period. Recent years show signs of declining mortality, but levels remain above the 1992 baseline recorded using the surveillance system.ConclusionsThe Agincourt population has experienced a major mortality shock over the past two decades from which it will take time to recover. The basic epidemic patterns are consistent with generalised mortality patterns observed in South Africa as a whole, but the detailed individual surveillance behind these analyses allows finer-grained analyses of specific causes, age-related risks, and trends over time. These demonstrate the complex, somewhat unpredicted course of mortality transition over the years since the dawn of South Africa's democratic era in 1994.

Dataset Information

Eurasian back-migration into Northeast Africa was a complex and multifaceted process.

Publications

Eurasian back-migration into Northeast Africa was a complex and multifaceted process.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets