Peptic ulcer disease burden, trends, and inequalities in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a population-based study
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PROVIDER: S-EPMC10647969 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Jan
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:BackgroundGaps remained in the updated information of the firearm violence (FV) burden from a global landscape. Understanding the global burden of FV could contribute to decision-making.MethodsData on the FV burden, including physical violence by firearm (PVF), self-harm by firearm (SHF), and unintentional firearm injuries (UFI), were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease 2019. The temporal trends of age-standardized rate (ASR) were estimated using estimated annual percentage change (EAPC).ResultsIn 2019, PVF, SHF, and UFI reported 710.64 × 103, 335.25 × 103, and 2,133.88 × 103, respectively, incident cases worldwide. Their ASR (/100,000 people-years) were 9.31, 4.05, and 28.07. During 1990-2019, the overall incident ASRs of PVF presented an increasing trend (EAPC = 0.61, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.48 to 0.75). Notably, pronounced increasing trends were observed in Tropical Latin America, and North Africa and Middle East. However, incident trends of SHF and UFI declined globally, with the respective EAPCs being -0.68 (95% CI: -0.83 to -0.54) and -0.98 (95% CI: -1.19 to -0.77). In 2019, the ASR of death due to PVF, SHF, and UFI were 2.23, 0.65, and 0.26, and that of DALYs were 127.56, 28.10, and 17.64, respectively. Decreasing trends in the ASRs of FV were observed in most regions and countries worldwide over the past three decades, particularly that of PVF in Estonia.ConclusionThe FV burden was heterogeneous across regions and countries, which was deeply subjected to socioeconomic factors. The findings highlighted that specific prevention strategies and interventions were required, particularly in the high prevalent settings.
| S-EPMC9470124 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) is one of the important public health issues worldwide. However, a detailed understanding of the incidence and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) due to VAD in recent years is lacking. We aimed to estimate the incidence and DALYs of VAD at global, regional, and national levels in terms of sex, age, and socio-demographic index (SDI). Using data from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study, the estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) was measured to assess trends in the age-standardized incidence and DALY rates from 1990 to 2019. The global age-standardized incidence and DALY rates of VAD decreased with an EAPC of -3.11% (95% confidence interval (CI): -3.24% to -2.94%) and -2.18% (95% CI: -2.38% to -1.93%), respectively. The age-standardized incidence and DALY rates decreased least in low-SDI regions, which had the highest age-standardized incidence and DALY rates of all SDI regions. Sub-Saharan Africa, especially central sub-Saharan Africa, had the highest age-standardized incidence and DALY rates in 2019. At the national level, Somalia and Niger had the highest age-standardized incidence and DALY rates. The age-standardized incidence and DALY rates were higher in males than in females. Younger children, especially those aged < 5 years in low-SDI regions, had a higher VAD burden than other age groups. Although the global burden of VAD has decreased, future work should aim to improve the prevention and treatment strategies for VAD, particularly in children aged < 5 years in countries and territories with low SDI values, such as sub-Saharan Africa.
| S-EPMC8912822 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundSilicosis, a severe lung disease caused by inhaling silica dust, predominantly affects workers in industries such as mining and construction, leading to a significant global public health challenge. The purpose of this study is to analyze the current disease burden of silicosis and to predict the development trend of silicosis in the future the world by extracting data from the GBD database.MethodsWe extracted and analyzed silicosis prevalence, incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) data from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 program for 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019. The association between the Sociodemographic Index (SDI) and the burden of age-standardized rates (ASRs) of DALYs has been examined at the regional level. Jointpoint regression analysis has been also performed to evaluate global burden trends of silicosis from 1990 to 2019. Furthermore, Nordpred age-period-cohort analysis has also been projected to predict future the burden of silicosis from 2019 to 2044.ResultsIn 2019, global ASRs for silicosis prevalence, incidence, mortality, and DALYs were 5.383, 1.650, 0.161, and 7.872%, respectively which are lower than that in 1990. The populations of 45-59 age group were more susceptible to silicosis, while those aged 80 or above suffered from higher mortality and DALY risks. In 2019, the most impacted nations by the burden of silicosis included China, the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, and Chile. From 1990 to 2019, most regions observed a declining burden of silicosis. An "M" shaped association between SDI and ASRs of DALYs for silicosis was observed from 1990 to 2019. The age-period-cohort analysis forecasted a decreasing trend of the burden of silicosis from 2019 to 2044.ConclusionDespite the overall decline in the global silicosis burden from 1990 to 2019, some regions witnessed a notable burden of this disease, emphasizing the importance of targeted interventions. Our results may provide a reference for the subsequent development of appropriate management strategies.
| S-EPMC10372342 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundLead hazards are ubiquitous in the environment, and lead exposure has been proved to damage human health. Nevertheless, there is limited data on the global burden of diseases attributable to lead exposure. In this study, we evaluated the temporal-spatial trend of disease burden caused by lead exposure in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019.MethodsBased on Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2019, deaths, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) and DALYs rate (ASDR) were estimated by region, country, sex and age. The estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) was calculated to assess the temporal trends of ASMR and ASDR between 1990 and 2019.ResultsGlobal deaths increased from 0.53 (95% UI: 0.31, 0.77) to 0.90 (95% UI: 0.55, 1.29) million, and the number of DALYs increased from 16.02 (95% UI: 10.32, 22.17) to 21.68 (95% UI: 13.81, 30.30) million between 1990 and 2019. China, India and Bangladesh were top three countries with the largest number of deaths and DALYs in 2019. The ASMR (per 100,000 population) decreased from 14.47 (95% UI: 8.40, 21.43) to 11.48 (95% UI: 7.00, 16.49) with EAPC of -0.75 (95% UI: -0.87, -0.64), and the ASDR (per 100,000 population) decreased from 378.01 (95% UI: 240.55, 524.18) to 267.52 (95% UI: 170.57, 373.44) with EAPC of -1.19 (95% UI: -1.32, -1.07). Most of disease burden of lead exposure occurred in the men and elderly population. Stroke and ischemic heart disease were two key sources of disease burden of lead exposure. Also, a negative association between sociodemographic index (SDI) and disease burden of lead exposure was observed.ConclusionsLead exposure poses a significant disease burden globally, and is still a great threat to public health. Primary prevention measures of reducing lead exposure in the environment are essential.
| S-EPMC9727290 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundTo promote a comprehensive understanding of global trends and burden of type 2 diabetes attributable to physical inactivity.MethodsWe utilized data regarding mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), as well as age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR) and DALYs rates (ASDR) derived from the global burden of disease study 2019 to evaluate the impact of physical inactivity on the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in 204 countries and territories over the period from 1990 to 2019. This method facilitated the analysis of the diabetes burden across different ages, genders, and regions. To determine the long-term progression of type 2 diabetes prevalence, we computed the estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) in burden rates.ResultsGlobally, the number of deaths and DALYs from type 2 diabetes due to physical inactivity more than doubled between 1990 and 2019. Concurrently, there was an increase in the ASMR and ASDR, with EAPC of 0.26 (95% CI: 0.13-0.39) and 0.84 (95% CI: 0.78-0.89), respectively. As of 2019, the global ASMR and ASDR for physical inactivity stood at 1.6 (95% UI: 0.8-2.7) per 100 000 and 55.9 (95% UI: 27.2-97.6) per 100 000, respectively. Notable disparities were observed in the type 2 diabetes burden associated with physical inactivity worldwide, with higher sociodemographic index (SDI) countries experiencing lower ASDR and ASMR compared to lower SDI countries. Initially, females exhibited higher ASMR and ASDR than males, but this gender disparity in ASMR and ASDR has lessened in recent years. The mortality and DALYs rates associated with physical inactivity exhibit an inverted V-shaped pattern across various age groups, predominantly affecting the elderly population.ConclusionBetween 1990 and 2019, there was a marked rise in the worldwide burden of type 2 diabetes associated with physical inactivity, underscoring the role of physical inactivity as a key changeable risk factor in the global landscape of this disease. This necessitates additional research to explore the variables contributing to the varying levels of disease burden across different countries and between sexes. Furthermore, it calls for the formulation of public health policies aimed at guiding prevention tactics, promoting early detection, and enhancing the management of type 2 diabetes.
| S-EPMC10925666 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundUpper respiratory infections (URIs) are among the most common diseases. However, the related burden has not been comprehensively evaluated. Thus, we designed the present study to describe the global and regional burden of URIs from 1990 to 2019.MethodsA secondary analysis was performed on the incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of URIs in different sex and age groups, from 21 geographic regions, 204 countries and territories, between 1990 and 2019, using the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019. Countries and territories were categorized according to Socio-demographic Index (SDI) quintiles.FindingsGlobally, the incident cases of URIs reached 17·2 (95% uncertainty interval: 15·4 to 19·3) billion in 2019, which accounted for 42·83% (40·01% to 45·77%) cases from all causes in the GBD 2019 study. The age-standardized incidence rate remained stable from 1990 to 2019, while significant decreases were found in the mortality and DALY rate. The highest age-standardized incidence rates from 1990 to 2019 and the highest age-standardized DALY rates after 2011 were observed in high SDI regions. Among all the age groups, children under five years old suffered from the highest incidence and DALY rates, both of which were decreased with increasing age. Fatal consequences of URIs occurred mostly in the elderly and children under five years old.InterpretationThe present study provided comprehensive estimates of URIs burden for the first time. Our findings, highlighting the substantial incidence and considerable DALYs due to URIs, are expected to attract more attention to URIs and provide future explorations in the prevention and treatment with epidemiological evidence.FundingThe study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81770057).
| S-EPMC8343248 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Bladder cancer (BCa) poses a significant medical burden worldwide. However, the epidemiological pattern of the global smoking-induced BCa burden is unclear. Our analysis of the 2019 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database showed a significant increase in the number of BCa cases worldwide from 1990 to 2019, with a clear upward trend in both age-standardized prevalence and incidence. In contrast, age-standardized rates of mortality (ASMR) and disability-adjusted life-years (ASDR) showed a downward trend, despite an increase in the absolute number of death and disability-adjusted life years. The burden of BCa caused by smoking is greater in males, middle-aged and older adults, and people in countries with high-middle socio-demographic indices (SDI). The study highlights the continuing global health challenge posed by smoking-related BCa. Targeted health policies and interventions are critical, especially in areas with high smoking rates and low socioeconomic status.
| S-EPMC11292503 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundTo investigate the global, regional, and national burden of the diseases attributable to excess body weight (EBW) from 1990 to 2019, stratified by age, sex, underlying cause, and sociodemographic index (SDI).MethodsUsing the Comparative Risk Assessment approach of the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study 2019, the burden of diseases attributable to EBW was reported for the period from 1990 to 2019. For adults, EBW was defined as a body mass index (BMI) exceeding 25 kg/m2, while for children aged 1 to 19 years, EBW was determined according to the standards set by the International Obesity Taskforce. The burden was reported in terms of numbers, proportions, and age-standardised rates per 100,000, accompanied by corresponding 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs).ResultsIn 2019, there were an estimated 5.0 million deaths (95% UI: 3.2-7.1) and 160.3 million DALYs (106.0-218.9) attributable to EBW worldwide. The age-standardised DALY rate attributable to EBW increased by 18.0% (2.2-42.3) from 1990 to 2019, with notable regional variations. Southeast Asia and South Asia exhibited the highest age-standardised DALY rates. Conversely, the age-standardised death rate due to EBW showed no significant change, with an increase of 4.9% (-7.3 to 24.6) over the same period. Significant regional variations were again observed, particularly in Southeast Asia and South Asia, which recorded the highest age-standardised death rates. Moreover, a non-linear association was observed between the SDI and the regional age-standardised DALY rate of diseases attributable to EBW.ConclusionsThe global burden of EBW has increased over the past three decades. This trend aligns with socio-demographic indices and is influenced by the physical activity levels and dietary habits of these populations.
| S-EPMC11796013 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundMaternal sepsis and other maternal infections (MSMI) have considerable impacts on women's and neonatal health, but data on the global burden and trends of MSMI are limited. Comprehensive knowledge of the burden and trend patterns of MSMI is important to allocate resources, facilitate the establishment of tailored prevention strategies and implement effective clinical treatment measures.MethodsBased on data from the Global Burden of Disease database, we analysed the global burden of MSMI by the incidence, death, disability-adjusted life year (DALY) and maternal mortality ratio (MMR) in the last 30 years. Then, the trends of MSMI were assessed by the estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) of MMR as well as the age-standardized rate (ASR) of incidence, death and DALY. Moreover, we determined the effect of sociodemographic index (SDI) on MSMI epidemiological parameters.ResultsAlthough incident cases almost stabilized from 1990 to 2015, the ASR of incidence, death, DALY and MMR steadily decreased globally from 1990 to 2019. The burden of MSMI was the highest in the low SDI region with the fastest downward trends. MSMI is still one of the most important causes of maternal death in the developed world. Substantial diversity of disease burden and trends occurred in different regions and individual countries, most of which had reduced burden and downward trends. The MMR and ASR were negatively correlated with corresponding SDI value in 2019 in 204 countries/territories and 21 regions.ConclusionThese findings highlight significant improvement in MSMI care in the past three decades, particularly in the low and low-middle SDI regions. However, the increased burden and upward trends of MSMI in a few countries and regions are raising concern, which poses a serious challenge to maternal health. More tailored prevention measures and additional resources for maternal health are urgently needed to resolve this problem.
| S-EPMC8524924 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundTo describe the status quo and trends in the global burden of all cancers caused by secondhand smoke during 1990-2019.MethodsData on cancer associated with secondhand smoke were extracted from the Global Heath Data Exchange. Cancer burden was measured by cancer-related deaths, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and years of life lost (YLLs).ResultsIn 2019, age-standardized rates of death, DALYs and YLLs among the cancer population globally caused by secondhand smoke were 1.60, 38.54 and 37.77, respectively. The proportions of these in the total cancer burden for all risk factors combined decreased slightly from 1990 to 2003 and then increased from 2004 to 2019. In 2019, >50% of the cancer burden was concentrated in men aged 55-75 years and women aged 50-70 years. Between 1990 and 2019, there was an increase in age-standardized rates of death, DALYs, YLDs and YLLs among those aged ≥70 years. The age-standardized YLDs rate attributable to secondhand smoke was higher among women; it decreased in men but increased in women, causing a wider gap between the sexes. A greater cancer burden was mainly seen in North America in 1990 and Europe in 2019. Reductions in the annual rate change of cancer burden were found mainly in North America and Oceania, while increases were found in Africa and Asia. In 2019, high-middle- and middle-SDI countries had higher age-standardized rates of deaths, DALYs, YLDs and YLLs than the global level. During 1990 and 2019, the largest decline in cancer burden was seen in high-SDI countries, while middle- or low-SDI countries experienced increases in all age-standardized rates.ConclusionsCancer burden attributable to secondhand smoke is concerning given the increasing health loss and differences in distribution of cancer burden worldwide. Further studies are needed to investigate the causes of disparities in cancer burden attributable to secondhand smoke and to improve understanding of the contribution of secondhand smoke to the burden of different types of cancer.
| S-EPMC9592919 | biostudies-literature