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Multicomponent Training Improves the Quality of Life of Older Adults at Risk of Frailty.

ABSTRACT: Achieving a high quality of life in older adults can be difficult if they have limited physical function. The aims of this study were to evaluate the relationship between baseline values and variations in body composition, fitness, and nutritional status on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and to describe the effects of a 6-month multicomponent training (MCT) programme and a 4-month detraining period on HRQoL. A total of 106 participants with limited physical function were included in this study (age: 80.8 ± 5.9 years; 74 females) and were divided into two groups: control (CON) and intervention (TRAIN). HRQoL was measured using the EQ-5D-3L questionnaire and a visual analogue scale (EQ-VAS). Information on body composition, physical fitness, Mediterranean diet adherence, and nutritional status were obtained. Healthier baseline values for body composition, fitness and nutritional status were associated with better HRQoL (explaining 23.7-55.4%). The TRAIN group showed increased HRQoL during this 6-month MCT, showing group-by-time interaction (p < 0.05) and a deleterious effect of detraining. Changes in weight, arm strength, and aerobic capacity contributed to explaining 36% of the HRQoL changes obtained with MCT (all p < 0.05). This MCT improved HRQoL in older adults with limited physical function. However, HRQoL returned to baseline values after detraining. This study highlights the importance of performing ongoing programs in this population.

SUBMITTER: Moradell A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10650749 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Multicomponent Training Improves the Quality of Life of Older Adults at Risk of Frailty.

Moradell Ana A Navarrete-Villanueva David D Fernández-García Ángel Iván ÁI Gusi Narcis N Pérez-Gómez Jorge J González-Gross Marcela M Ara Ignacio I Casajús José Antonio JA Gómez-Cabello Alba A Vicente-Rodríguez Germán G

Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) 20231028 21

Achieving a high quality of life in older adults can be difficult if they have limited physical function. The aims of this study were to evaluate the relationship between baseline values and variations in body composition, fitness, and nutritional status on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and to describe the effects of a 6-month multicomponent training (MCT) programme and a 4-month detraining period on HRQoL. A total of 106 participants with limited physical function were included in this ...[more]

PMID: 37957989

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Project description:PurposeThe primary aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a 6-month multicomponent intervention on physical function in socioeconomically vulnerable older adults in rural communities. As secondary aims, we evaluated the effectiveness of the intervention on frailty and other geriatric syndromes, sustained benefit at 12 months, and baseline characteristics associated with poor response.Patients and methodsThis designed-delay study was conducted in 187 adults (mean age: 77 years; 75% women) who were living alone or on a low income in three rural regions of Korea. A 24-week multicomponent program that consisted of group exercise, nutritional supplementation, depression management, deprescribing medications, and home hazard reduction was implemented with a planned 6-month interval from August 2015 through January 2017. The primary outcome was physical function, measured using the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) score (range: 0-12; minimum clinically important difference ≥1) at 6 months. Secondary outcomes included frailty phenotype, sarcopenia, Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form score (range: 0-14), Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale score (range: 0-60), and falls.ResultsAt 6 months, the SPPB score increased by 3.18 points (95% CI: 2.89, 3.48) from baseline. The program improved frailty (odds ratio: 0.06; 95% CI: 0.02, 0.16), sarcopenia (odds ratio: 0.32; 95% CI: 0.15, 0.68), Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form score by 1.67 points (95% CI: 1.28, 2.06), and Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale score by -3.83 points (95% CI: -5.26, -2.39), except for fall (rate ratio: 0.99; 95% CI: 0.69, 1.43). These beneficial effects were sustained at 12 months. Body mass index ≥27 kg/m2 and instrumental activities of daily living disability at baseline were associated with poor improvement in the SPPB score.ConclusionThis 24-week multicomponent program had sustained beneficial effects up to 1 year on physical function, frailty, sarcopenia, depressive symptoms, and nutritional status in socioeconomically vulnerable older adults in rural communities. (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT 02554994).

Project description:BackgroundMultimorbidity and frailty are relevant conditions among older adult population. There is growing evidence about their association with poor health outcomes like disability, worst quality of life, and death. Nonetheless, the independent associations of both conditions have been studied, and few evidence exists about an interaction between them. Our aims were to assess the association of frailty and multimorbidity with the disability, quality of life and all-cause mortality as well as to analyze a potential interaction between these conditions.MethodsAnalytical samples included 1410 respondents for disability and quality of life, and 1792 for mortality. We performed a longitudinal analysis with older Mexican adults aged 50, using data collected from the WHO's Study on global AGEing and Adult Health Waves 1 and 2. Disability was measured using the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0), and quality of life using the WHOQOL (WHO Quality of Life) instrument. All-cause mortality was determined by reviewing death certificates. Associations of frailty and multimorbidity with disability, quality of life and mortality were estimated using linear regression and Cox proportional hazards models.ResultsMultimorbidity assessed through three patterns (cardiopulmonary, vascular-metabolic, and mental-musculoskeletal) was associated with the three outcomes in this study. Cardiopulmonary and mental-musculoskeletal patterns increased the WHODAS mean score (β = 5.05; p < 0.01 and β = 5.10; p < 0.01, respectively) and decreased WHOQOL score (β = - 1.81; p < 0.01 and β = - 2.99; p < 0.01, respectively). Vascular-metabolic was associated with mortality (HR = 1.47; p = 0.04), disability (β = 3.27; p < 0.01) and quality of life (β = - 1.30; p = 0.02). Frailty was associated with mortality (pre-frail: HR = 1.48; p = 0.02 and frail: HR = 1.68; p = 0.03), disability (pre-frail: β = 5.02; p < 0.01; frail: β = 13.29; p < 0.01) and quality of life (pre-frail: β = - 2.23; p < 0.01; frail: β = - 4.38; p < 0.01). Interaction terms of frailty and multimorbidity were not statistically significant.ConclusionsMultimorbidity and frailty are important predictors of poor health outcomes. These results highlight the importance of carrying out health promotion and prevention actions as well as specific interventions aimed at older adults who suffer from multimorbidity and frailty, in such a way that deleterious effects on health can be avoided.

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Multicomponent Training Improves the Quality of Life of Older Adults at Risk of Frailty.

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Multicomponent Training Improves the Quality of Life of Older Adults at Risk of Frailty.

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