Dataset Information

Effective GH Replacement With Somapacitan in Children With GHD: REAL4 2-year Results and After Switch From Daily GH.

ABSTRACT:

Context

Somapacitan is a long-acting GH derivative for treatment of GH deficiency (GHD).

Objective

Evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of somapacitan in children with GHD after 2 years of treatment and after the switch from daily GH.

Design

A randomized, multinational, open-labelled, controlled parallel group phase 3 trial, comprising a 52-week main phase and 3-year safety extension (NCT03811535).

Setting

Eighty-five sites across 20 countries.

Patients

A total of 200 treatment-naïve prepubertal patients were randomized and exposed; 194 completed the 2-year period.

Interventions

Patients were randomized 2:1 to somapacitan (0.16 mg/kg/wk) or daily GH (0.034 mg/kg/d) during the first year, after which all patients received somapacitan 0.16 mg/kg/wk.

Main outcome measures

Height velocity (HV; cm/year) at week 104. Additional assessments included HV SD score (SDS), height SDS, IGF-I SDS, and observer-reported outcomes.

Results

HV was sustained in both groups between 52 and 104 weeks. At week 104, mean (SD) for HV between weeks 52 and 104 was 8.4 (1.5) cm/year after continuous somapacitan treatment and 8.7 (1.8) cm/year after 1 year of somapacitan treatment following switch from daily GH. Secondary height-related endpoints also supported sustained growth. Mean IGF-I SDS during year 2 was similar between groups and within normal range (-2 to +2). Somapacitan was well tolerated, with no safety or tolerability issues identified. GH patient preference questionnaire results show that most patients and their caregivers (90%) who switched treatment at year 2 preferred once-weekly somapacitan over daily GH treatment.

Conclusions

Somapacitan in children with GHD showed sustained efficacy and tolerability for 2 years, and after switching from daily GH. Patients/caregivers switching from daily GH expressed a preference for somapacitan.

Clinical trial registration

NCT03811535.

SUBMITTER: Miller BS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10655534 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Effective GH Replacement With Somapacitan in Children With GHD: REAL4 2-year Results and After Switch From Daily GH.

Miller Bradley S BS Blair Joanne C JC Rasmussen Michael Højby MH Maniatis Aristides A Mori Jun J Böttcher Volker V Kim Ho-Seong HS Bang Rikke Beck RB Polak Michel M Horikawa Reiko R

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 20231101 12

<h4>Context</h4>Somapacitan is a long-acting GH derivative for treatment of GH deficiency (GHD).<h4>Objective</h4>Evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of somapacitan in children with GHD after 2 years of treatment and after the switch from daily GH.<h4>Design</h4>A randomized, multinational, open-labelled, controlled parallel group phase 3 trial, comprising a 52-week main phase and 3-year safety extension (NCT03811535).<h4>Setting</h4>Eighty-five sites across 20 countries.<h4>Patients</h4>A to ...[more]

PMID: 37406251

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Project description:Daily growth hormone (GH) injections can be burdensome for patients and carers. Somapacitan is a long-acting, reversible albumin-binding GH derivative in development for once-weekly administration in patients with growth hormone deficiency (GHD). The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of once-weekly somapacitan vs once-daily GH. REAL 3 is a multicenter, randomized, controlled, double-blind (somapacitan doses), phase 2 study with a 26-week main and 26-week extension phase (NCT02616562). This study took place at 29 sites in 11 countries. Fifty-nine GH treatment-naive prepubertal children with GHD were randomly assigned; 58 completed the trial. Interventions comprised 3 somapacitan doses (0.04 [n = 16], 0.08 [n = 15], or 0.16 mg/kg/wk [n = 14]) and daily GH (0.034 mg/kg/d [n = 14]), administered subcutaneously. The primary end point was height velocity (HV) at week 26. Secondary efficacy end points included HV SD score (SDS) and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) SDS. At week 26, mean (SD) annualized HV for the somapacitan groups was 8.0 (2.0), 10.9 (1.9), and 12.9 (3.5) cm/year, respectively, vs 11.4 (3.3) cm/year for daily GH; estimated treatment difference (somapacitan 0.16 mg/kg/week-daily GH): 1.7 [95% CI -0.2 to 3.6] cm/year. HV was sustained at week 52, and significantly greater with somapacitan 0.16 mg/kg/week vs daily GH. Mean (SD) change from baseline in HV SDS at week 52 was 4.72 (2.79), 6.14 (3.36), and 8.60 (3.15) for the somapacitan groups, respectively, vs 7.41 (4.08) for daily GH. Model-derived mean (SD) IGF-I SDS for the somapacitan groups was -1.62 (0.86), -1.09 (0.78), and 0.31 (1.06), respectively, vs -0.40 (1.50) observed for daily GH. Safety and tolerability were consistent with the profile of daily GH. In children with GHD, once-weekly somapacitan 0.16 mg/kg/week provided the closest efficacy match with similar safety and tolerability to daily GH after 26 and 52 weeks of treatment. A short visual summary of our work is available (1).

Project description:Abstract Somapacitan is a long-acting, reversible albumin-binding growth hormone (GH) derivative being developed for once-weekly dosing in adults and children with GH deficiency (GHD). The efficacy, safety and tolerability of somapacitan were compared with daily GH in children with GHD in a multicenter, randomized, controlled, double-blinded to dose, phase 2 trial (REAL 3, NCT02616562). Treatment-naïve, prepubertal children with GHD were randomized 1:1:1:1 to once-weekly sc somapacitan (0.04, 0.08 or 0.16 mg/kg/week [wk]) or daily sc GH (Norditropin®; 0.034 mg/kg/day) during the 26-wk main trial period and 26-wk extension. Efficacy of the 0.16 mg/kg/wk dose was similar to that of daily GH, judged by height standard deviation scores (SDS) and insulin-like growth factor-I SDS, and, at wk 52, height velocity was statistically significantly greater with somapacitan 0.16 mg/kg/wk vs daily GH. Safety and tolerability of somapacitan were consistent with the profile of daily GH. Here, we report the results of a pre-planned analysis of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) collected during REAL 3. This is, to our knowledge, the first report of a disease-specific PRO score from a randomized trial in GHD. PROs were investigated using the Growth Hormone Deficiency - Child Impact Measure observer-report (GHD-CIM ObsRO). This is a new, validated questionnaire, developed according to US FDA guidance, to assess the impact of GHD on physical functioning, and social and emotional wellbeing in children aged 4 to <13 years, to be completed by caregivers. Minimal important differences (MID) in scores were determined based on Patient and Clinician Global Impression of Severity. Changes from baseline to wk 52 in GHD-CIM ObsRO scores were compared between daily GH and each dose of somapacitan, and were analyzed using an analysis of covariance model. A total of 59 patients were randomized (somapacitan n=45; daily GH n=14); the full analysis set included 57 children (somapacitan: 0.04 mg/kg/wk n=14; 0.08 mg/kg/wk n=15; 0.16 mg/kg/wk n=14; daily GH n=14). Mean age was 5.9 years; 60% were male; 11 children were <4 years old at baseline. For the change from baseline in GHD-CIM ObsRO score, the estimated treatment differences (ETDs) between somapacitan 0.16 mg/kg/wk and daily GH at wk 52 exceeded the MID in favor of somapacitan for the emotional wellbeing (ETD -9.34; MID 7) and social wellbeing domains (ETD -10.12; MID 5), as well as total score (ETD -7.43; MID 5). The somapacitan 0.16 mg/kg/wk group showed a numerical improvement over daily GH across all GHD-CIM ObsRO domains and total score, although none of the ETDs reached statistical significance. At 52 wks, the difference in GHD-CIM ObsRO scores between somapacitan 0.16 mg/kg/wk and daily GH exceeded the MID for the total score, and for the emotional and social wellbeing domains, suggesting clinically relevant improvement for these parameters in favor of somapacitan in children with GHD.

Project description:Abstract Growth hormone (GH) replacement therapy usually requires daily subcutaneous (s.c.) injections that can be burdensome for patients and their caregivers. Somapacitan, a long-acting reversible albumin-binding GH derivative, is in development for once-weekly s.c. administration in children with GH deficiency (GHD). REAL4 is a randomised, multi-national, open labelled, and active-controlled parallel group phase 3 trial, comprising a 52-week main phase and three-year extension period (NCT03811535). Two-hundred GH-treatment-naïve, prepubertal children with GHD (74.5% male) were randomly assigned in a 2: 1 ratio to receive 0.16 mg/kg/week s.c. somapacitan (n=132) or daily s.c. GH (0.034 mg/kg/day Norditropin®; n=68). The 52-week main trial results are presented here. The primary endpoint was annualized height velocity (HV) after 52 weeks of treatment. At week 52, the estimated mean HV was 11.2 cm/year for somapacitan compared to 11.7 cm/year for daily GH. The estimated treatment difference was -0.5 [95% CI -1.1 to 0.2] cm/year, confirming non-inferiority (non-inferiority threshold: -1.8 cm/year). Secondary height-related endpoints supported the primary endpoint. Insulin-like growth factor-I standard deviation score (IGF-I SDS) showed consistent increases for both somapacitan and daily GH over the 52 weeks, with change differences from baseline not statistically significant between treatment groups. At week 52, mean IGF-I SDS levels were similar between somapacitan (+0.28) and daily GH (+0.10) and within normal range (-2 to +2). Somapacitan was well tolerated, with no safety or local tolerability issues identified. There were no clinically relevant findings with respect to changes in glucose metabolism, no neutralizing anti-somapacitan or anti-GH antibodies were detected, and a low number of patients reported injection-site reactions, with similar proportions for somapacitan (5.3%) and daily GH (5.9%). In both treatment groups, 1.5% of patients reported injection site pain. Adherence was high for both treatments. The mean and median adherence for somapacitan treatment were 95.8% and 100%, respectively. The mean and median adherence for the daily GH group were 88.3% and 96.9%, respectively. In conclusion, once-weekly somapacitan has a similar efficacy and safety profile as daily GH with similar mean IGF-I levels in treatment-naïve children with GHD. Presentation: Sunday, June 12, 2022 1:06 p.m. - 1:11 p.m., Monday, June 13, 2022 12:30 p.m. - 2:30 p.m.

Project description:Abstract Somapacitan is a long-acting, reversible albumin-binding human growth hormone (GH) derivative based on a proven protraction technology. The objective of this trial was to evaluate the safety, efficacy and treatment satisfaction of once-weekly somapacitan compared with daily GH (Norditropin®) over 52 weeks in Japanese patients with adult GH deficiency (AGHD). This was a phase 3, multicenter, randomized, open-label, parallel-group, active-controlled trial (NCT03075644). Patients previously treated with human GH were randomized 1:3 to either daily GH or somapacitan, respectively, to undergo 20 weeks of dose titration and 32 weeks of fixed-dose treatment. The primary endpoint was the incidence of adverse events (AEs) from baseline to week 53. Secondary endpoints included change from baseline in visceral, subcutaneous and total adipose tissue (VAT, SAT and TAT, respectively) assessed with computerized tomography scans; change from baseline in treatment satisfaction evaluated using Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication (TSQM-9) scores; and occurrence of anti-somapacitan antibodies. In total, 62 patients were randomized (16 to the daily GH and 46 to the somapacitan treatment arm), of which 60 completed the trial. Baseline characteristics for daily GH vs somapacitan groups, respectively, were: 43.8% vs 47.8% female, 87.5% vs 80.4% adult-onset GH deficiency, mean (SD) age 49.3 (11.5) vs 54.1 (12.1) years, weight 67.9 (12.0) vs 69.4 (22.7) kg, body mass index 24.8 (3.7) vs 26.4 (6.7) kg/m2, and GH dose at screening 0.29 (0.14) vs 0.31 (0.17) mg. Rate of AEs per 100 patient-years was similar between treatment arms (309.8 for daily GH, 312.7 for once-weekly somapacitan); most AEs were mild (97.9% and 93.1%, respectively) and none were severe. Four AEs in the somapacitan arm were serious; all were considered unlikely related to treatment. No anti-somapacitan antibodies were detected during treatment. Mean insulin-like growth factor-I standard deviation score (IGF-I SDS) at baseline was maintained with both treatments. The majority of the patients had IGF-I SDS values below +2. No significant differences in VAT, SAT and TAT were seen in both treatment groups after 52 weeks (estimated difference, somapacitan – daily GH [95% CI]): –1.74 [–18.13; 14.66], –11.53 [–35.54; 12.48], and –12.85 [–47.31; 21.62] cm2, respectively. TSQM-9 scores were not significantly different between treatments, but showed a tendency in favor of somapacitan (estimated difference [95% CI]): 4.87 [–3.46; 13.20] for effectiveness, 6.79 [–1.04; 14.61] for convenience, and 6.88 [–1.08; 14.85] for overall satisfaction. No new safety concerns were identified. Improvements in body composition were similar in the GH and somapacitan cohorts. The safety and tolerability of somapacitan in Japanese patients with AGHD were consistent with results from the global phase 3 trial (REAL 1).

Dataset Information

Effective GH Replacement With Somapacitan in Children With GHD: REAL4 2-year Results and After Switch From Daily GH.

Context

Objective

Design

Setting

Patients

Interventions

Main outcome measures

Results

Conclusions

Clinical trial registration

Publications

Effective GH Replacement With Somapacitan in Children With GHD: REAL4 2-year Results and After Switch From Daily GH.

Similar Datasets

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