Uncovering genetic and metabolite markers associated with resistance against anthracnose fruit rot in northern highbush blueberry
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PROVIDER: S-EPMC10660357 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Aug
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:Blueberry belongs to the genus Vaccinium L. in the Ericaceae and is an economically important shrub that produces small berries that are rich in nutrients. There were differences in the appearance of blueberry leaves under different shade treatments. To explore the differences in metabolites in blueberry leaves under different shading treatments, nontargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) metabonomic analysis was performed. Different shade intensities resulted in significant differences in the contents of metabolites. A total of 6879 known metabolites were detected, including 750 significantly differentially expressed metabolites, including mainly lipids and lipid-like molecules and phenylpropanoid and polyketide superclass members. Based on a Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis, the flavone and flavonol biosynthesis pathways were the most significantly enriched. The results of this study provide a reference and scientific basis for the establishment of a high-quality and high-yield shaded blueberry cultivation system.
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Project description:Leaf tissue testing is a useful tool for monitoring nutrient requirements in northern highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.; abbreviated as “blueberry”) but may require adaptation to specific growing environments. The objective of this study was to evaluate macronutrient concentrations in early-, mid-, and late-season blueberry cultivars grown in two contrasting environments, specifically eastern and western Washington. Climate and soil conditions between these two regions differ tremendously with eastern Washington being more arid with naturally calcareous soils lower in soil organic matter. Sampling was conducted over a 3-year period in commercial fields. Leaf tissue nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and sulfur (S) concentrations were affected by year (Y), growing region (R), cultivar (C), and Day of Year (DOY) that the samples were collected with many interactions. Leaf nutrient concentrations were higher, on average, in western than eastern Washington except for Ca and Mg, indicating sufficiency levels should differ between these regions. Leaf macronutrients generally stabilized between DOY 212–243 (1–31 August), suggesting this period is optimal for tissue sampling. Findings from this study demonstrate the importance of considering regional effects and may be applicable for blueberry cultivated in similar pedo-climactic conditions around the world.
| S-EPMC9735984 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundBlueberries (Vaccinium sp.) are native to North America and breeding efforts to improve blueberry fruit quality are focused on improving traits such as increased firmness, enhanced flavor and greater shelf-life. Such efforts require additional genomic resources, especially in southern highbush and rabbiteye blueberries.ResultsWe generated the first full-length fruit transcriptome for the southern highbush and rabbiteye blueberry using the cultivars, Suziblue and Powderblue, respectively. The transcriptome was generated using the Pacific Biosciences single-molecule long-read isoform sequencing platform with cDNA pooled from seven stages during fruit development and postharvest storage. Raw reads were processed through the Isoseq pipeline and full-length transcripts were mapped to the 'Draper' genome with unmapped reads collapsed using Cogent. Finally, we identified 16,299 and 15,882 non-redundant transcripts in 'Suziblue' and 'Powderblue' respectively by combining the reads mapped to Northern Highbush blueberry 'Draper' genome and Cogent analysis. In both cultivars, > 80% of sequences were longer than 1,000 nt, with the median transcript length around 1,700 nt. Functionally annotated transcripts using Blast2GO were > 92% in both 'Suziblue' and 'Powderblue' with overall equal distribution of gene ontology (GO) terms in the two cultivars. Analyses of alternative splicing events indicated that around 40% non-redundant sequences exhibited more than one isoform. Additionally, long non-coding RNAs were predicted to represent 5.6% and 7% of the transcriptomes in 'Suziblue' and 'Powderblue', respectively. Fruit ripening is regulated by several hormone-related genes and transcription factors. Among transcripts associated with phytohormone metabolism/signaling, the highest number of transcripts were related to abscisic acid (ABA) and auxin metabolism followed by those for brassinosteroid, jasmonic acid and ethylene metabolism. Among transcription factor-associated transcripts, those belonging to ripening-related APETALA2/ethylene-responsive element-binding factor (AP2/ERF), NAC (NAM, ATAF1/2 and CUC2), leucine zipper (HB-zip), basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH), MYB (v-MYB, discovered in avian myeloblastosis virus genome) and MADS-Box gene families, were abundant. Further we measured three fruit ripening quality traits and indicators [ABA, and anthocyanin concentration, and texture] during fruit development and ripening. ABA concentration increased during the initial stages of fruit ripening and then declined at the Ripe stage, whereas anthocyanin content increased during the final stages of fruit ripening in both cultivars. Fruit firmness declined during ripening in 'Powderblue'. Genes associated with the above parameters were identified using the full-length transcriptome. Transcript abundance patterns of these genes were consistent with changes in the fruit ripening and quality-related characteristics.ConclusionsA full-length, well-annotated fruit transcriptome was generated for two blueberry species commonly cultivated in the southeastern United States. The robustness of the transcriptome was verified by the identification and expression analyses of multiple fruit ripening and quality-regulating genes. The full-length transcriptome is a valuable addition to the blueberry genomic resources and will aid in further improving the annotation. It will also provide a useful resource for the investigation of molecular aspects of ripening and postharvest processes.
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Project description:Blueberry has been a burgeoning fruit in China in recent years, but its perishable nature places a constant strain on industrial development. To determine the pathogens infecting blueberry fruits, diseased samples were collected from Guizhou and Fujian Provinces. Isolates from the samples were identified by morphological characterization and phylogenetic analyses. Pathogenicity assays were conducted on fresh blueberry fruits using spore suspensions. Sixteen isolates were identified as seven species, namely, Botryosphaeria dothidea, Botrytis cinerea, Cladosporium guizhouense, Colletotrichum fioriniae, Diaporthe anacardii, Fusarium annulatum, and Neopestalotiopsis surinamensis, and their pathogenicity on blueberry fruits were confirmed following Koch's postulates. The current study reported Cladosporium guizhouense, Fusarium annulatum, and Neopestalotiopsis surinamensis for the first time on blueberry. The study (1) demonstrated that fruit rot disease results from a mixed infection of multiple pathogens; and (2) expanded the understanding of causal agents of blueberry fruit rot during the growth stage, highlighting their potential as latent pathogens that contribute to post-harvest losses. Relevant results provide a reference for the etiological research and disease management in blueberry fruit diseases.
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Project description:Commercial blueberry Vaccinium spp. (Ericales: Ericaceae) production relies on insect-mediated pollination. Pollination is mostly provided by rented honey bees, Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae), but blueberry crop yields can be limited due to pollination deficits. Various hive placement strategies have been recommended to mitigate pollination shortfalls, but the effect of hive placement has received limited formal investigation. This study explores the effects of clumped and dispersed hive placement strategies on honey bee visitation and pollination outcomes in "Bluecrop" and "Duke" fields over 2 years (2021 and 2022) within 2 economically important regions of production in the United States-the Midwest (Michigan) and Pacific Northwest (Oregon and Washington). Clumping hives consistently increased honey bee visitation rate but did not result in higher fruit set, fruit weight, or seed count. Increases in honey bee visitation through clumping could perhaps improve pollination outcomes in more pollination-limited blueberry cultivars and other pollination-dependent crops. Clumping hives is substantially more efficient and cost-effective for beekeepers due to fewer drop locations and could lead to cost savings for both beekeepers and blueberry growers without growers sacrificing pollination levels and crop yields.
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Project description:Rabbit-eye, southern high-bush blueberry and northern high-bush blueberry Transcriptome
| PRJNA503797 | ENA
Project description:Highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) fruit accumulate high levels of anthocyanins during ripening, which might be controlled by abscisic acid (ABA), a signal molecule in non-climacteric fruits. For an integrated view of the ripening process from ABA to anthocyanin biosynthesis, we analyzed the transcriptomes of 'Bluecrop' highbush blueberry fruit using RNA-Seq at three ripening stages, categorized based on fruit skin coloration: pale green at ca. 30 days after full bloom (DAFB), reddish purple at ca. 40 DAFB, and dark purple at ca. 50 DAFB. Mapping the trimmed reads against the reference sequences yielded 25,766 transcripts. Of these, 143 transcripts were annotated to encode five ABA biosynthesis enzymes, four ABA signal transduction regulators, four ABA-responsive transcription factors, and 12 anthocyanin biosynthesis enzymes. The analysis of differentially expressed genes between the ripening stages revealed that 11 transcripts, including those encoding nine-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase, SQUAMOSA-class MADS box transcription factor, and flavonoid 3',5'-hydroxylase, were significantly up-regulated throughout the entire ripening stages. In fruit treated with 1 g L-1 ABA, at least nine transcripts of these 11 transcripts as well as one transcript encoding flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase were up-regulated, presumably promoting anthocyanin accumulation and fruit skin coloration. These results will provide fundamental information demonstrating that ABA biosynthesis and signal transduction, and anthocyanin biosynthesis are closely associated with anthocyanin accumulation and skin coloration in highbush blueberry fruit during ripening.
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Project description:Blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) is a widely consumed fruit and a rich source of bioactive compounds, namely, the polyphenol class of anthocyanins. Little information is available about the influence of internal (genetic and developmental) and external (environmental) factors on the levels of phenolic metabolites in blueberry fruit. In light of this consideration, total polyphenolic and flavonoid content, anthocyanin accumulation and composition were evaluated in cv. "Duke" and "Brigitta" grown at two different altitudes in Valtellina, a valley of the Alps in Northern Italy. During berry ripening, there is a developmentally coordinated shift from cyanidin-type, di-substituted anthocyanins toward delphinidin-based, tri-substituted pigments. At the lower altitude location, higher temperatures, not exceeding optimum, resulted in a more quickly berry developmental pattern and in higher anthocyanin concentrations in the early phases of ripening. At later stages of ripening, berries of both cultivars at higher altitude compensate for these initial temperature effects, and no differences were recorded in ripe fruit grown in the two locations. We conclude that anthocyanin accumulation is strongly regulated by development and genotype, and the environmental factors, associated to the altitude gradient, exert in the trial conditions only a fine-tuning influence. Fruits reach the full-ripening stage simultaneously at both sites because the initial gap in pigment levels is counterbalanced at the higher altitude by a faster rate of accumulation at later phases of the ripening process.
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Project description:Ultraviolet-B (UV-B) light (280-315 nm) is an important environmental signal that regulates plant development and photomorphogenesis, while also affecting the flavonoid pathway, including anthocyanin biosynthesis. Regarding the effects of UV-B radiation on fruits, the effects of a short-term or postharvest irradiation on fruit quality have been well-documented, but the effects of a long-term preharvest UV-B irradiation on fruit growth and coloration remain unclear. Thus, in this study, we investigated the effects of a long-term treatment involving an environmentally relevant UV-B dose on highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) fruit. The preharvest UV-B treatment quickly promoted fruit growth and sugar accumulation, which is not commonly observed in other fruit tree species. The UV-B exposure also accelerated fruit ripening and coloration. The dual-luciferase assay proved that in blueberries, expression of VcUFGT encoding anthocyanin biosynthesis key enzyme, is positively and negatively regulated by VcMYBA1 and VcMYBC2, respectively. Throughout the fruit development stage, the UV-B treatment up-regulated VcMYBPA1 expression, which increased VcUFGT expression via VcMYBA1. In the green fruit stage, the UV-B treatment increased HY5 encoding UV receptor, which up-regulates VcMYBPA1 and down-regulates VcMYBC2, thereby promotes the accumulation of anthocyanins. On the other hand, excessive anthocyanin synthesis was inhibited by increased VcMYBC2 levels in mature fruits when exposed to UV-B light through HY5-independent pathway. In conclusion, anthocyanin-related MYB activators and repressor may coordinately balance the accumulation of anthocyanins in blueberry fruits, with UV-B treatments possibly influencing their effects in a stage-specific manner. The potential utility of preharvest UV-B treatments for improving blueberry fruit quality is discussed herein.
| S-EPMC8012384 | biostudies-literature
Project description:This study examined the effects of nitrogen fertilization on populations of Rotylenchus robustus, Pratylenchus crenatus, and Paratrichodorus renifer, and indices of free-living nematode community structure, in relation to highbush blueberry production in British Columbia, Canada. The field experiment was established in fall of 2008 with six replicate plots of each of four experimental N fertilization treatments: 0, 100, 150, and 200% of the annual application rate recommended for conventional blueberry production in the region. Nematode populations were quantified annually from 2009 through 2015, and then nematode populations and root biomass were quantified at seven sample dates from 2016 through 2019. Population densities of R. robustus were consistently greater in the 100% treatment than in the 0, 150, and 200% treatments which did not differ from each other. Population densities of P. crenatus were consistently greater in the 150% treatment than in the 0, 100%, and 200% treatments. The nematode structure index and two indices of diversity declined monotonically with N fertilizer rate, indicating broader changes in the soil food web that could have had indirect, feedback effects on population dynamics of the plant-parasitic nematodes.This study examined the effects of nitrogen fertilization on populations of Rotylenchus robustus, Pratylenchus crenatus, and Paratrichodorus renifer, and indices of free-living nematode community structure, in relation to highbush blueberry production in British Columbia, Canada. The field experiment was established in fall of 2008 with six replicate plots of each of four experimental N fertilization treatments: 0, 100, 150, and 200% of the annual application rate recommended for conventional blueberry production in the region. Nematode populations were quantified annually from 2009 through 2015, and then nematode populations and root biomass were quantified at seven sample dates from 2016 through 2019. Population densities of R. robustus were consistently greater in the 100% treatment than in the 0, 150, and 200% treatments which did not differ from each other. Population densities of P. crenatus were consistently greater in the 150% treatment than in the 0, 100%, and 200% treatments. The nematode structure index and two indices of diversity declined monotonically with N fertilizer rate, indicating broader changes in the soil food web that could have had indirect, feedback effects on population dynamics of the plant-parasitic nematodes.
| S-EPMC7366838 | biostudies-literature