Enfortumab vedotin and pembrolizumab as monotherapies and combination treatment in locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma: A narrative review.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Bladder cancer is the 10th most common cancer globally. The majority of bladder cancers are urothelial carcinomas (UCs), which, if locally advanced or metastatic, carry poor long-term prognosis. Cancer cells can evade the immune system by expressing the programmed cell death ligand 1 protein (PD-L1). Programmed cell death ligand 1 protein binds to programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) on T cells, inhibiting their antitumor action. Bladder tumor cells also overexpress nectin-4, a cell adhesion polypeptide that contributes to metastasis, worsening prognosis. Current platinum-based chemotherapy treatments are suboptimal. This review aimed to assess novel treatments for locally advanced or metastatic UC that specifically target PD-L1 or nectin-4, namely, the PD-1 inhibitor

SUBMITTER: Bantounou MA 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10662875 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature