Estimation of alkali dosage and contact time for treating human excreta containing viruses as an emergency response: a systematic review.

ABSTRACT: Water, sanitation, and hygiene provisions are essential during emergencies to prevent infectious disease outbreaks caused by improper human excreta management in settlements for people affected by natural disasters and conflicts. Human excreta disinfection is required when long-term containment in latrines is not feasible on-site. Alkali additives, including lime, are effective disinfectants for wastewater and faecal sludge containing large amounts of solid and dissolved organic matter. The aim of this study was to determine the minimum dose and contact time of alkali additives for treating virus-containing human excreta in emergency situations. We used literature data collected by searching Google Scholar and Web of Science. The date of the last search for each study was 31th May 2023. On

SUBMITTER: Oishi W 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10667465 | biostudies-literature | 2023

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature