Phytohormone Response of Drought-Acclimated Illicium difengpi (Schisandraceae)
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PROVIDER: S-EPMC10671654 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Nov
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:Illicium difengpi (Schisandraceae), an endangered medicinal plant endemic to karst areas, is highly tolerant to drought and thus can be used as an ideal material for investigating adaptive mechanism to drought stress. The understanding of the drought tolerance of I. difengpi, especially at the molecular level, is lacking. In the present study, we aimed to clarify the molecular mechanism underlying drought tolerance in endemic I. difengpi plant in karst regions. The response characteristics of transcripts and changes in metabolite abundance of I. difengpi subjected to drought and rehydration were analyzed, the genes and key metabolites responsive to drought and rehydration were screened, and some important biosynthetic and secondary metabolic pathways were identified. A total of 231,784 genes and 632 metabolites were obtained from transcriptome and metabolome analyses, and most of the physiological metabolism in drought-treated I. difengpi plants recovered after rehydration. There were more upregulated genes than downregulated genes under drought and rehydration treatments, and rehydration treatment induced stable expression of 65.25% of genes, indicating that rehydration alleviated drought stress to some extent. Drought and rehydration treatment generated flavonoids, phenolic acids, flavonols, amino acids and their derivatives, as well as metabolites such as saccharides and alcohols in the leaves of I. difengpi plants, which alleviated the injury caused by excessive reactive oxygen species. The integration of transcriptome and metabolome analyses showed that, under drought stress, I. difengpi increased glutathione, flavonoids, polyamines, soluble sugars and amino acids, contributing to cell osmotic potential and antioxidant activity. The results show that the high drought tolerance and recovery after rehydration are the reasons for the normal growth of I. difengpi in karst mountain areas.
| S-EPMC10800416 | biostudies-literature
Project description:In this study, four new lignan glucosides, named difengpiosides A-D (1-4), were isolated from the stem barks of Illicium difengpi, together with seven known compounds 5-11. Their structures were identified on the basis of spectroscopic analyses (1D and 2D NMR, HRESIMS, CD) and a comparison with literature data. All the compounds were evaluated for their inhibitory effects on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW264.7 cells.
| S-EPMC6273417 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Difengpi, derived from the air-dried stem bark of Illicium difengpi and enlisted in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia for its therapeutic effect against common ailments, confronts challenges due to dwindling wild resources and intentional substitution with potentially harmful botanical relatives. The imperative need to authenticate this herbal remedy has led to the development of robust methods. Here, we integrated chloroplast mini-barcoding and high resolution melting (HRM) analysis to distinguish Difengpi from the reported adulterants. We assembled the complete chloroplast (cp) genomes of I. difengpi and substituted close relatives I. jiadifengpi and I. majus, and conducted an in-depth comparative analysis to screen divergent regions for exploiting as DNA mini-barcodes. Despite the conservativeness characterizing the whole cp genomes among these Illicium species, we identified some highly variable regions with promising potential as molecular markers for species identification. Subsequently, we designed DNA mini-barcodes and subjected them to HRM analysis to assess their efficacy in species discrimination. Melting profiles unveiled that mini-barcodes designed from four divergence regions trnL-trnF, trnF-ndhJ, ycf1-ndhF and rpl32-trnL exhibited substantial discriminatory power, distinctly differentiated I. difengpi from I. jiadifengpi, I. majus and I. verum. We tested ten commercially available Difengpi products from online stores and local traditional markets using these four mini-barcodes. All ten samples clustered closely with the reference I. difengpi with genotype confidence higher than 93 %, indicating the presence of the claimed species in these samples, sans any reported toxic adulterants. Consequently, we simulated Difengpi mimic samples utilizing I. jiadifengpi, I. majus and I. verum and subjected them to evaluate the practicability of these mini-barcodes. The outcomes confirmed the precision of the four mini-barcodes in accurately discerning the mimic samples. In conclusion, integrating taxon-specific DNA mini-barcodes with HRM analysis is an efficient strategy for the authentication of species identity within commercial herbal products.
| S-EPMC11471493 | biostudies-literature
Project description:A pair of new 3,4;9,10-seco-cycloartane type triterpenoid stereoisomerides: 24R,25-dihydroxy-3,4;9,10-seco-4(28)-cycloarten-10,3-olide (1) named Illiciumolide A and 24S,25-dihydroxy-3,4;9,10-seco-4(28)-cycloarten-10,3-olide (2) named Illiciumolide B were isolated from the stem bark of Illicium difengpi, as well as five known biogenetically related triterpenoids, including sootepin E (3), betulinic acid (4), lupeol (5), (all-Z)-1,5,9,13,17,21-hexamethyl-1,5,9,13,17,21-cyclotertracosahexaene (6), and (all-E)-2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyl-2,6,10,14,18,22-tetracosahexaene (7). The structures of two new compounds were determined on the basis of spectroscopic analysis including 1D-, 2D-NMR, and MS techniques. Two assays were conducted: inhibition of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and inhibition of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) in RAW264. 7 cells induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). It was observed that compounds 1, 2 and 7 showed significant inhibition of TNF-α production and NF-κB release. The molecule docking results showed that compounds 1 and 2 got high fitness scores with dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 (MPKK1), whose activation plays a pivotal role between TNF-α and activation of NF-κB. The anti-HIV-1 potency of compounds 1-5 was also discussed, in addition to the results of computer-aided screening for targets.
| S-EPMC3671308 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The aim of the study was the elucidation of drought-induced molecular events related to plant hormones occurring in crown tissue of barley, the key organ for cereal survival. Experiments involving large-scale measurements of gene expression at transcript and protein level, hormone abundance, and phenotypic variability in a set of selected barley mutants were carried out to uncover how disturbance of GAs, BRs and SLs homeostasis may affect the barley multivariate response to drought. The characterization included early stages of plant development and continued to the later stages, with observation of effects on the whole-plant architecture and yield formation. The integration of all data allowed to enrich the knowledge of regulatory networks in barley exposed to drought.
2023-10-10 | E-MTAB-13358 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Key messageCandidate genes were identified and the role of phytohormones such as JA-Me and ABA in the synthesis of S-RNase was emphasized in pear self-incompatibility. Self-incompatibility (SI) occurs widely in flowering plants as an intraspecific reproductive barrier. This phenomenon promotes variation within species, but for some species such as Pyrus, SI is a nuisance rather than a benefit in agricultural production. Although many studies have been conducted on SI in pears, its mechanism remains unclear. In this study, high-throughput Illumina RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was used to identify SI-related genes in pear styles. Using transcriptome comparisons, differentially expressed genes of unpollinated (UP), cross-pollinated (CP), and self-pollinated (SP) styles were identified after 48 h. A total of 1796 and 1890 genes were identified in DSC (UP vs. CP) and DSI (UP vs. SP), respectively. KEGG analysis revealed that genes involved in the "plant hormone signal transduction pathway" and "plant-pathogen interaction pathway" were significantly enriched in DSI (UP vs. SP) compared to those in DSC (UP vs. CP). The expression level of S-glycoprotein ribonuclease (S-RNase) was dramatically reduced in cross-pollinated (CP) styles. To better understand the relationship between the expression patterns of S-RNase and two major KEGG pathways, the concentrations of phytohormones were measured, and the expression pattern of S-RNase was analysed using qRT-PCR. Our results demonstrate that methyl jasmonate and abscisic acid may enhance the expression level of S-RNase, and pollination can affect the synthesis of methyl jasmonate and abscisic acid in pear styles. Overall, this study is a global transcriptome analysis of SI in pear. A relationship between self-rejection, plant hormones, and pathogen defence was shown in pear.
| S-EPMC5658469 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Illicium verum Transcriptome or Gene expression
| PRJNA741069 | ENA