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The developmental process of suicidal ideation among adolescents: social and psychological impact from a nation-wide survey.

ABSTRACT: Suicidal ideation is a multifactorial phenomenon that is increasingly prevalent among adolescents, especially following the impact of Covid 19 pandemic on their mental health. Its analysis necessitates an interdisciplinary approach that simultaneously considers sociological and psychological perspectives, especially looking at the role of interpersonal relationships and structural inequalities. The present study, based on a face-to-face survey conducted with a representative sample of 4288 adolescents, aims to identify the factors that most differentiate individuals with and without suicidal ideation, proposing a descriptive model of development process of this phenomenon with reference to the Italian context. We analysed variables related to socio-demographic status, relational status, social interactions, and psychological well-being using multiple correspondence analysis and logistic regression models. The results provide evidence for the existence of a direct association between negative psychological status and suicidal ideation but clarify that the psychological aspects are associated with sociodemographic characteristics and have their origins in the social sphere.

SUBMITTER: Tintori A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10684516 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The developmental process of suicidal ideation among adolescents: social and psychological impact from a nation-wide survey.

Tintori Antonio A Pompili Maurizio M Ciancimino Giulia G Corsetti Gianni G Cerbara Loredana L

Scientific reports 20231128 1

Suicidal ideation is a multifactorial phenomenon that is increasingly prevalent among adolescents, especially following the impact of Covid 19 pandemic on their mental health. Its analysis necessitates an interdisciplinary approach that simultaneously considers sociological and psychological perspectives, especially looking at the role of interpersonal relationships and structural inequalities. The present study, based on a face-to-face survey conducted with a representative sample of 4288 adole ...[more]

PMID: 38017031

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Project description:BackgroundSocial anxiety disorder typically emerges in adolescence and its symptoms often co-occur with depression and suicidal ideation. It is important to understand whether social anxiety symptoms precede depression and suicidal ideation in youth. This study aimed to investigate the temporal associations between baseline social anxiety and later suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms in a community youth sample.MethodsThe Wellcome Trust NSPN (Neuroscience in Psychiatry Network) study recruited 2397 youth aged 14-24 in the United Kingdom to participate in a prospective observational study. Participants were assessed for symptoms of social anxiety, generalised anxiety, depression and suicidal ideation at baseline, 1-year follow-up, and 2-year follow-up. We conducted multiple linear regression analyses and mediation analyses to examine whether baseline social anxiety was associated with 2-year suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms (excluding suicide-related items), and whether these associations were mediated by 1-year depressive symptoms. The study was preregistered on the Open Science Framework.ResultsResults from multiple linear regression analyses indicated that baseline social anxiety symptoms were associated with 2-year suicidal ideation (β = 0.07, p < 0.05, 95% CI [0.02, 0.12]) and 2-year depressive symptoms (β = 0.08, p < 0.05, 95% CI [0.02, 0.13]), after controlling for baseline predicted variable. Furthermore, 1-year depressive symptoms significantly mediated the relationship between baseline social anxiety symptoms and 2-year suicidal ideation (β = 0.04, 95% CI [0.02, 0.05]), and the relationship between baseline social anxiety symptoms and 2-year depressive symptoms (β = 0.06, 95% CI [0.03, 0.08]) after adjusting for age, sex, and other covariates.ConclusionsWe found evidence that baseline social anxiety symptoms were associated with 2-year suicidal ideation and 2-year depressive symptoms via 1-year depressive symptoms in non-clinical adolescents. These results may have important implications for targeted psychological interventions.

Project description:The unpredictability of the COVID-19 pandemic can induce psychological distress in individuals. We investigated perceived stressors, prevalence of psychological distress and suicidal ideation, and predictors of psychological distress among adults during the COVID-19 pandemic in Eswatini. This study was a cross-sectional, population-based household telephone survey of 993 conveniently sampled adults (18+ years) from all the four administrative regions of Eswatini. Data were collected between 9 June and 18 July 2020 during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, when the country was under a partial lockdown. COVID-19-related psychological distress was assessed using the Kessler 6-item Psychological Distress Scale (K6). We performed weighted modified Poisson regression analyses to identify significant predictors of moderate/severe psychological distress (K6 scores: ≥5). The weighted prevalences of moderate (K6 scores: 5-12) and severe psychological distress (K6 scores: ≥13) were 41.7% and 5.4%, respectively. Participants reported several perceived COVID-19-related stressors, including worries and fears of the contagion-specific death, serious need for food and money, and concerns about loss of income or business. The weighted prevalence of suicidal ideation was 1.5%. Statistically significant predictors of increased risk for moderate/severe psychological distress included living in the Hhohho and Manzini regions; feeling not well informed about COVID-19; feeling lonely; having received COVID-19 food or financial relief from the government; feeling burdened by the lockdown; being married; and being youth (18-24 years). The results call for the government to urgently augment the provision of mental health services during the pandemic. Mental health practitioners and programs may use several stressors and risk factors identified in this study to inform interventions and government policies aimed at reducing psychological distress induced by the pandemic.

Dataset Information

The developmental process of suicidal ideation among adolescents: social and psychological impact from a nation-wide survey.

Publications

The developmental process of suicidal ideation among adolescents: social and psychological impact from a nation-wide survey.

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