XSiteTraj: A cross-site user trajectory dataset
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PROVIDER: S-EPMC10694039 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Nov
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:ObjectivesPoor electronic health record (EHR) usability is associated with patient safety concerns, user dissatisfaction, and provider burnout. EHR certification requires vendors to perform user testing. However, there are no such requirements for site-specific implementations. Health care organizations customize EHR implementations, potentially introducing usability problems. Site-specific usability evaluations may help to identify these concerns, and "discount" usability methods afford health systems a means of doing so even without dedicated usability specialists. This report characterizes a site-specific discount user testing program launched at an academic medical center. We describe lessons learned and highlight three of the EHR features in detail to demonstrate the impact of testing on implementation decisions and on users.MethodsThirteen new EHR features which had already undergone heuristic evaluation and iterative design were evaluated over the course of three user test events. Each event included five to six users. Participants used think aloud technique. Measures of user efficiency, effectiveness, and satisfaction were collected. Usability concerns were characterized by the type of usability heuristic violated and by correctability.ResultsUsability concerns occurred at a rate of 2.5 per feature tested. Seventy percent of the usability concerns were deemed correctable prior to implementation. The first highlighted feature was moved to production despite low single ease question (SEQ) scores which may have predicted its subsequent withdrawal from production based on post implementation feedback. Another feature was rebuilt based on usability findings, and a new version was retested and moved to production. A third feature highlights an easily correctable usability concern identified in user testing. Quantitative usability metrics generally reinforced qualitative findings.ConclusionSimplified user testing with a limited number of participants identifies correctable usability concerns, even after heuristic evaluation. Our discount usability approach to site-specific usability has a role in implementations and may improve the usability of the EHR for the end user.
| S-EPMC9629979 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BACKGROUND:Genomic data have been collected by different institutions and companies and need to be shared for broader use. In a cross-site genomic data sharing system, a secure and transparent access control audit module plays an essential role in ensuring the accountability. A centralized access log audit system is vulnerable to the single point of attack and also lack transparency since the log could be tampered by a malicious system administrator or internal adversaries. Several studies have proposed blockchain-based access audit to solve this problem but without considering the efficiency of the audit queries. The 2018 iDASH competition first track provides us with an opportunity to design efficient logging and querying system for cross-site genomic dataset access audit. We designed a blockchain-based log system which can provide a light-weight and widely compatible module for existing blockchain platforms. The submitted solution won the third place of the competition. In this paper, we report the technical details in our system. METHODS:We present two methods: baseline method and enhanced method. We started with the baseline method and then adjusted our implementation based on the competition evaluation criteria and characteristics of the log system. To overcome obstacles of indexing on the immutable Blockchain system, we designed a hierarchical timestamp structure which supports efficient range queries on the timestamp field. RESULTS:We implemented our methods in Python3, tested the scalability, and compared the performance using the test data supplied by competition organizer. We successfully boosted the log retrieval speed for complex AND queries that contain multiple predicates. For the range query, we boosted the speed for at least one order of magnitude. The storage usage is reduced by 25%. CONCLUSION:We demonstrate that Blockchain can be used to build a time and space efficient log and query genomic dataset audit trail. Therefore, it provides a promising solution for sharing genomic data with accountability requirement across multiple sites.
| S-EPMC7372873 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The Data2MV dataset contains gaze fixation data obtained through experimental procedures from a total of 45 participants using an Intel RealSense F200 camera module and seven different video playlists. Each of the playlists had an approximate duration of 20 minutes and was viewed at least 17 times, with raw tracking data being recorded with a 0.05 second interval. The Data2MV dataset encompasses a total of 1.000.845 gaze fixations, gathered across a total of 128 experiments. It is also composed of 68.393 image frames, extracted from each of the 6 videos selected for these experiments, and an equal quantity of saliency maps, generated from aggregate fixation data. Software tools to obtain saliency maps and generate complementary plots are also provided as an open-source software package. The Data2MV dataset was publicly released to the research community on Mendeley Data and constitutes an important contribution to reduce the current scarcity of such data, particularly in immersive, multi-view streaming scenarios.
| S-EPMC10630600 | biostudies-literature
Project description:As e-Commerce continues to shift our shopping preference from the physical to online marketplace, we leave behind digital traces of our personally identifiable details. For example, the merchant keeps record of your name and address; the payment processor stores your transaction details including account or card information, and every website you visit stores other information such as your device address and type. Cybercriminals constantly steal and use some of this information to commit identity fraud, ultimately leading to devastating consequences to the victims; but also, to the card issuers and payment processors with whom the financial liability most often lies. To this end, we recognise that data is generally compromised in this digital age, and personal data such as card number, password, personal identification number and account details can be easily stolen and used by someone else. However, there is a plethora of data relating to a person's behaviour biometrics that are almost impossible to steal, such as the way they type on a keyboard, move the cursor, or whether they normally do so via a mouse, touchpad or trackball. This data, commonly called keystroke, mouse and touchscreen dynamics, can be used to create a unique profile for the legitimate card owner, that can be utilised as an additional layer of user authentication during online card payments. Machine learning is a powerful technique for analysing such data to gain knowledge; and has been widely used successfully in many sectors for profiling e.g., genome classification in molecular biology and genetics where predictions are made for one or more forms of biochemical activity along the genome. Similar techniques are applicable in the financial sector to detect anomaly in user keyboard and mouse behaviour when entering card details online, such that they can be used to distinguish between a legitimate and an illegitimate card owner. In this article, a behaviour biometrics (i.e., keystroke and mouse dynamics) dataset, collected from 88 individuals, is presented. The dataset holds a total of 1760 instances categorised into two classes (i.e., legitimate and illegitimate card owners' behaviour). The data was collected to facilitate an academic start-up project (called CyberSignature1) which received funding from Innovate UK, under the Cyber Security Academic Startup Accelerator Programme. The dataset could be helpful to researchers who apply machine learning to develop applications using keystroke and mouse dynamics e.g., in cybersecurity to prevent identity theft. The dataset, entitled 'Behaviour Biometrics Dataset', is freely available on the Mendeley Data repository.
| S-EPMC9679689 | biostudies-literature
Project description:This article presents a handwritten Arabic alphabets, words and paragraphs dataset (AHAWP). The dataset contains 65 different Arabic alphabets (with variations on begin, end, middle and regular alphabets), 10 different Arabic words (that encompass all Arabic alphabets) and 3 different paragraphs. The dataset was collected anonymously from 82 different users. Each user was asked to write each alphabet and word 10 times. A userid uniquely but anonymously identifies the writer of each alphabet, word and paragraph. In total, the dataset consists of 53199 alphabet images, 8144 words images and 241 paragraphs images. This dataset can be used for multiple purposes. It can be used for optical handwriting recognition of alphabets and words. It can also be used for writer identification (or verification) of handwritten Arabic text. It is also possible to evaluate difference in writing styles of isolated alphabets as compared to the same alphabet written as part of the word or in paragraph by the same user using this dataset. The dataset is publicly available at https://data.mendeley.com/datasets/2h76672znt/1.
| S-EPMC8866147 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The generation of self-tolerant repertoires of T cells depends on the expression of peripheral self antigens in the thymic epithelium, and the presence of small populations of cells mimicking the diverse phenotypes of peripheral tissues. Whereas the molecular underpinnings of self-antigen expression have been extensively studied, the developmental origins and differentiation pathways of thymic mimetic cells remain to be identified. Moreover, the histological identification of myoid and other peripheral cell types as components of the thymic microenvironment of many vertebrate species raises questions as to the evolutionary origin of this unique tolerance mechanism. Here, we show that during mouse development, mimetic cells appear in the microenvironment in two successive waves. Cells exhibiting transcriptional signatures characteristic of muscle, ionocyte, goblet and ciliated cells emerge before birth, whereas others, for instance those mimicking enterohepatic cells and skin keratinocytes appear postnatally. These two groups also respond differently to modulations of TEC progenitor pools caused by deletions of Foxn1 and Ascl1, expression of a hypomorphic Foxn1 transcription factor, and overexpression of Bmp4 and Fgf7 signalling molecules. Differences in mimetic cell populations were also observed in thymic microenvironments reconstructed by replacement of mouse Foxn1 with evolutionarily ancient Foxn1/4 gene family members, including the Foxn4 gene of the cephalochordate amphioxus, and the Foxn4 and Foxn1 genes of a cartilaginous fish. Whereas some cell types, such as ciliated cells, develop in the thymus in the absence of Foxn1, mimetic cells appearing postnatally, such as enterohepatic cells, require the activity of the vertebrate-specific transcription factor Foxn1. The thymus of cartilaginous fishes and the thymoid of lampreys, a representative of jawless vertebrates that exhibit an alternative adaptive immune system, also harbour cells expressing genes encoding peripheral tissue components, such as the liver-specific protein transthyretin. Our findings suggest an evolutionary model of successive changes of thymic epithelial genetic networks enabling the coordinated contribution of peripheral antigen expression and mimetic cell formation to achieve central tolerance for vertebrate-specific innovations of certain tissues, such as the liver.
2025-04-15 | GSE288957 | GEO
Project description:The generation of self-tolerant repertoires of T cells depends on the expression of peripheral self antigens in the thymic epithelium, and the presence of small populations of cells mimicking the diverse phenotypes of peripheral tissues. Whereas the molecular underpinnings of self-antigen expression have been extensively studied, the developmental origins and differentiation pathways of thymic mimetic cells remain to be identified. Moreover, the histological identification of myoid and other peripheral cell types as components of the thymic microenvironment of many vertebrate species raises questions as to the evolutionary origin of this unique tolerance mechanism. Here, we show that during mouse development, mimetic cells appear in the microenvironment in two successive waves. Cells exhibiting transcriptional signatures characteristic of muscle, ionocyte, goblet and ciliated cells emerge before birth, whereas others, for instance those mimicking enterohepatic cells and skin keratinocytes appear postnatally. These two groups also respond differently to modulations of TEC progenitor pools caused by deletions of Foxn1 and Ascl1, expression of a hypomorphic Foxn1 transcription factor, and overexpression of Bmp4 and Fgf7 signalling molecules. Differences in mimetic cell populations were also observed in thymic microenvironments reconstructed by replacement of mouse Foxn1 with evolutionarily ancient Foxn1/4 gene family members, including the Foxn4 gene of the cephalochordate amphioxus, and the Foxn4 and Foxn1 genes of a cartilaginous fish. Whereas some cell types, such as ciliated cells, develop in the thymus in the absence of Foxn1, mimetic cells appearing postnatally, such as enterohepatic cells, require the activity of the vertebrate-specific transcription factor Foxn1. The thymus of cartilaginous fishes and the thymoid of lampreys, a representative of jawless vertebrates that exhibit an alternative adaptive immune system, also harbour cells expressing genes encoding peripheral tissue components, such as the liver-specific protein transthyretin. Our findings suggest an evolutionary model of successive changes of thymic epithelial genetic networks enabling the coordinated contribution of peripheral antigen expression and mimetic cell formation to achieve central tolerance for vertebrate-specific innovations of certain tissues, such as the liver.
2025-04-15 | GSE272144 | GEO
Project description:The generation of self-tolerant repertoires of T cells depends on the expression of peripheral self antigens in the thymic epithelium, and the presence of small populations of cells mimicking the diverse phenotypes of peripheral tissues. Whereas the molecular underpinnings of self-antigen expression have been extensively studied, the developmental origins and differentiation pathways of thymic mimetic cells remain to be identified. Moreover, the histological identification of myoid and other peripheral cell types as components of the thymic microenvironment of many vertebrate species raises questions as to the evolutionary origin of this unique tolerance mechanism. Here, we show that during mouse development, mimetic cells appear in the microenvironment in two successive waves. Cells exhibiting transcriptional signatures characteristic of muscle, ionocyte, goblet and ciliated cells emerge before birth, whereas others, for instance those mimicking enterohepatic cells and skin keratinocytes appear postnatally. These two groups also respond differently to modulations of TEC progenitor pools caused by deletions of Foxn1 and Ascl1, expression of a hypomorphic Foxn1 transcription factor, and overexpression of Bmp4 and Fgf7 signalling molecules. Differences in mimetic cell populations were also observed in thymic microenvironments reconstructed by replacement of mouse Foxn1 with evolutionarily ancient Foxn1/4 gene family members, including the Foxn4 gene of the cephalochordate amphioxus, and the Foxn4 and Foxn1 genes of a cartilaginous fish. Whereas some cell types, such as ciliated cells, develop in the thymus in the absence of Foxn1, mimetic cells appearing postnatally, such as enterohepatic cells, require the activity of the vertebrate-specific transcription factor Foxn1. The thymus of cartilaginous fishes and the thymoid of lampreys, a representative of jawless vertebrates that exhibit an alternative adaptive immune system, also harbour cells expressing genes encoding peripheral tissue components, such as the liver-specific protein transthyretin. Our findings suggest an evolutionary model of successive changes of thymic epithelial genetic networks enabling the coordinated contribution of peripheral antigen expression and mimetic cell formation to achieve central tolerance for vertebrate-specific innovations of certain tissues, such as the liver.
2025-04-15 | GSE272064 | GEO
Project description:The generation of self-tolerant repertoires of T cells depends on the expression of peripheral self antigens in the thymic epithelium, and the presence of small populations of cells mimicking the diverse phenotypes of peripheral tissues. Whereas the molecular underpinnings of self-antigen expression have been extensively studied, the developmental origins and differentiation pathways of thymic mimetic cells remain to be identified. Moreover, the histological identification of myoid and other peripheral cell types as components of the thymic microenvironment of many vertebrate species raises questions as to the evolutionary origin of this unique tolerance mechanism. Here, we show that during mouse development, mimetic cells appear in the microenvironment in two successive waves. Cells exhibiting transcriptional signatures characteristic of muscle, ionocyte, goblet and ciliated cells emerge before birth, whereas others, for instance those mimicking enterohepatic cells and skin keratinocytes appear postnatally. These two groups also respond differently to modulations of TEC progenitor pools caused by deletions of Foxn1 and Ascl1, expression of a hypomorphic Foxn1 transcription factor, and overexpression of Bmp4 and Fgf7 signalling molecules. Differences in mimetic cell populations were also observed in thymic microenvironments reconstructed by replacement of mouse Foxn1 with evolutionarily ancient Foxn1/4 gene family members, including the Foxn4 gene of the cephalochordate amphioxus, and the Foxn4 and Foxn1 genes of a cartilaginous fish. Whereas some cell types, such as ciliated cells, develop in the thymus in the absence of Foxn1, mimetic cells appearing postnatally, such as enterohepatic cells, require the activity of the vertebrate-specific transcription factor Foxn1. The thymus of cartilaginous fishes and the thymoid of lampreys, a representative of jawless vertebrates that exhibit an alternative adaptive immune system, also harbour cells expressing genes encoding peripheral tissue components, such as the liver-specific protein transthyretin. Our findings suggest an evolutionary model of successive changes of thymic epithelial genetic networks enabling the coordinated contribution of peripheral antigen expression and mimetic cell formation to achieve central tolerance for vertebrate-specific innovations of certain tissues, such as the liver.
2025-04-15 | GSE272063 | GEO
Project description:Electroencephalography (EEG)-based open-access datasets are available for emotion recognition studies, where external auditory/visual stimuli are used to artificially evoke pre-defined emotions. In this study, we provide a novel EEG dataset containing the emotional information induced during a realistic human-computer interaction (HCI) using a voice user interface system that mimics natural human-to-human communication. To validate our dataset via neurophysiological investigation and binary emotion classification, we applied a series of signal processing and machine learning methods to the EEG data. The maximum classification accuracy ranged from 43.3% to 90.8% over 38 subjects and classification features could be interpreted neurophysiologically. Our EEG data could be used to develop a reliable HCI system because they were acquired in a natural HCI environment. In addition, auxiliary physiological data measured simultaneously with the EEG data also showed plausible results, i.e., electrocardiogram, photoplethysmogram, galvanic skin response, and facial images, which could be utilized for automatic emotion discrimination independently from, as well as together with the EEG data via the fusion of multi-modal physiological datasets.
| S-EPMC11449991 | biostudies-literature