Breakthrough SARS-COV-2 infection induces broad anti-viral T cell immunity.

ABSTRACT: Vaccines have curtailed the devastation wrought by COVID-19. Nevertheless, emerging variants result in a high incidence of breakthrough infections. Here we assess the impact of vaccination and breakthrough infection on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) T cell immunity. We demonstrate that COVID-19 vaccination induces robust spike-specific T cell responses that, within the CD4⁺ compartment, display comparable IFN-γ responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection without vaccination. Vaccine-induced CD8⁺ IFN-γ responses however, were significantly greater than those primed by SARS-CoV-2 infection alone. This increased responsiveness is associated with induction of novel HLA-restricted CD8⁺ T cell epitopes not primed by infection alone (without va

SUBMITTER: Lineburg KE 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10698266 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature