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Review of Current Treatment Intensification Strategies for Prostate Cancer Patients.

ABSTRACT: Prostate cancer (PCa) used to be one of the most common nondermatologic cancers in men that can be treated only with surgery. However, a revolutionary breakthrough came in the 1980s with the introduction of long-acting luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) agonists for the curative treatment of PCa. This paradigm shift contributed to the combined use of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), chemotherapy, and radiotherapy for the treatment. The latest data highlight the use of treatment intensification (TI), i.e., combined use of radiotherapy (RT) and hormonal or drug treatments, for localized or locally advanced PCa. Indeed, the results of combined modality treatments have shown a reduction in disease-specific mortality and improved overall survival. Although TI seems promising, more research studies are warranted to confirm its efficacy. This review summarizes the latest available outcome results of pivotal trials and clinical studies on the efficacy of TI.

SUBMITTER: Wasim S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10705205 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Review of Current Treatment Intensification Strategies for Prostate Cancer Patients.

Wasim Sobia S Park Jieun J Nam Seungyoon S Kim Jaehong J

Cancers 20231128 23

Prostate cancer (PCa) used to be one of the most common nondermatologic cancers in men that can be treated only with surgery. However, a revolutionary breakthrough came in the 1980s with the introduction of long-acting luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) agonists for the curative treatment of PCa. This paradigm shift contributed to the combined use of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), chemotherapy, and radiotherapy for the treatment. The latest data highlight the use of treatment inte ...[more]

PMID: 38067321

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Project description:ImportanceClarifying the underutilization of treatment intensification (TI) for metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC) may improve implementation of evidence-based medicine and survival outcomes.ObjectiveTo investigate physicians' beliefs about TI in mCSPC to understand the gap between evidence-based guidelines and clinical practice.Design, setting, and participantsThis survey study analyzed data from the Adelphi Real World retrospective survey, which comprised physician surveys that were linked to medical record reviews of US adult patients treated for mCSPC between July 2018 and January 2022.Main outcomes and measuresThe survey included questions on physician and practice demographics. Physicians completed patient record forms, based on patient medical records with information including patient demographics, clinical characteristics, and patient management. Physicians recalled reasons for prescribing decisions using 48 precoded and open-text responses. Bivariate and multivariable analyses assessed the likelihood of their patients receiving first-line TI; the main outcome was the likelihood of their patients receiving TI using odds ratios (ORs).ResultsIn total, 617 male patients met the analysis criteria (mean [SD] age, 68.6 [8.1] years). Among these patients, 349 (56.6%) were Medicare beneficiaries. Overall, 430 (69.7%) did not receive first-line TI with androgen receptor pathway inhibitors and/or chemotherapy. The 107 US-based physicians' top reasons for treatment choice for their patients were tolerability concerns (TI: 121 [64.7%]; no TI: 252 [58.6%]; P = .18) and following guideline recommendations (TI: 115 [61.5%]; no TI: 230 [53.5%]; P = .08). In the bivariate analysis, physicians seeking to reduce prostate-specific antigen (PSA) by 75% to 100% were more likely to provide first-line TI compared with physicians who aimed to lower PSA by 0% to 49% (OR, 1.63 [95% CI, 1.04-2.56]; P = .03). In the multivariable analysis, patients whose physicians based treatment choice on guidelines were more likely to receive TI than patients whose physicians did not report this reason (OR, 3.46 [95% CI, 1.32-9.08]; P = .01).Conclusions and relevanceThe findings of this study, which analyzed data from a medical records-linked clinical practice survey, indicated low rates of first-line TI for mCSPC despite guideline recommendations. Barriers to TI included lack of knowledge about guidelines and published efficacy and safety data. Physicians with greater PSA reduction goals were more likely to use TI. Physician education on treatment guidelines and clinical trial data, while raising expectations for PSA response, may increase rates of first-line TI in mCSPC.

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Review of Current Treatment Intensification Strategies for Prostate Cancer Patients.

Publications

Review of Current Treatment Intensification Strategies for Prostate Cancer Patients.

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