Income is not an equalizer: health development inequities by ethnoracial backgrounds in California kindergartners.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Early childhood health development is positively associated with income, but the strength of this relationship with ethnoracial background remains unclear. This study examined the extent of health development inequities among California kindergarteners based on ethnoracial backgrounds and neighborhood-level income.

Methods

This cross-sectional study assessed health development inequities by analyzing neighborhood-level income, ethnoracial background, and health development data for California kindergarteners. Student-level data (n = 106,574) were collected through teacher report between 2010-2020 across 52 school districts and 964 schools. Student addresses were geocoded and linked to American Community Survey neighborhood income levels. Health development was mea

SUBMITTER: Perrigo JL 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10714585 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature