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High monoclonal neutralization titers reduced breakthrough HIV-1 viral loads in the Antibody Mediated Prevention trials.


ABSTRACT: The Antibody Mediated Prevention (AMP) trials (NCT02716675 and NCT02568215) demonstrated that passive administration of the broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibody VRC01 could prevent some HIV-1 acquisition events. Here, we use mathematical modeling in a post hoc analysis to demonstrate that VRC01 influenced viral loads in AMP participants who acquired HIV. Instantaneous inhibitory potential (IIP), which integrates VRC01 serum concentration and VRC01 sensitivity of acquired viruses in terms of both IC50 and IC80, follows a dose-response relationship with first positive viral load (p = 0.03), which is particularly strong above a threshold of IIP = 1.6 (r = -0.6, p = 2e-4). Mathematical modeling reveals that VRC01 activity predicted from in vitro IC80s and serum VRC01 concentrations overestimates in vivo neutralization by 600-fold (95% CI: 300-1200). The trained model projects that even if future therapeutic HIV trials of combination monoclonal antibodies do not always prevent acquisition, reductions in viremia and reservoir size could be expected.

SUBMITTER: Reeves DB 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10721814 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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High monoclonal neutralization titers reduced breakthrough HIV-1 viral loads in the Antibody Mediated Prevention trials.

Reeves Daniel B DB   Mayer Bryan T BT   deCamp Allan C AC   Huang Yunda Y   Zhang Bo B   Carpp Lindsay N LN   Magaret Craig A CA   Juraska Michal M   Gilbert Peter B PB   Montefiori David C DC   Bar Katharine J KJ   Cardozo-Ojeda E Fabian EF   Schiffer Joshua T JT   Rossenkhan Raabya R   Edlefsen Paul P   Morris Lynn L   Mkhize Nonhlanhla N NN   Williamson Carolyn C   Mullins James I JI   Seaton Kelly E KE   Tomaras Georgia D GD   Andrew Philip P   Mgodi Nyaradzo N   Ledgerwood Julie E JE   Cohen Myron S MS   Corey Lawrence L   Naidoo Logashvari L   Orrell Catherine C   Goepfert Paul A PA   Casapia Martin M   Sobieszczyk Magdalena E ME   Karuna Shelly T ST   Edupuganti Srilatha S  

Nature communications 20231214 1


The Antibody Mediated Prevention (AMP) trials (NCT02716675 and NCT02568215) demonstrated that passive administration of the broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibody VRC01 could prevent some HIV-1 acquisition events. Here, we use mathematical modeling in a post hoc analysis to demonstrate that VRC01 influenced viral loads in AMP participants who acquired HIV. Instantaneous inhibitory potential (IIP), which integrates VRC01 serum concentration and VRC01 sensitivity of acquired viruses in terms of  ...[more]

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