Challenges in the diagnosis of the enigmatic primary adrenal leiomyosarcoma: two case reports and review of the literature.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Primary adrenal leiomyosarcoma is a rare and aggressive mesenchymal tumor derived from the smooth muscle wall of a central adrenal vein or its tributaries; therefore, tumors tend to invade the inferior vena cava and cause thrombosis. The great majority of tumors grow rapidly, which makes the disease difficult to diagnose in its early clinical stages and needs differentiation from adrenocortical carcinomas for the selection of chemotherapy including mitotane which causes adrenal insufficiency.

Case presentation

We presented two patients with adrenal leiomyosarcoma who were referred to our hospital with abdominal pain and harboring large adrenal tumors and inferior vena cava thrombosis. The endocrine findings, including serum catecholamine levels, were unremarkable.

SUBMITTER: Suzuki S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10726553 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature