The causal relationship between bacterial pneumonia and diabetes: a two-sample mendelian randomization study.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Previous observational studies have established the high prevalence of bacterial pneumonia in diabetic patients, which in turn leads to increased mortality. However, the presence of a causal connection between bacterial pneumonia and diabetes remains unobserved.

Methods

We chose genome-wide significant (Ρ < 1 × 10^-5 and Ρ < 1 × 10^-6) and independent (r² < 0.001) single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as instrumental variables (IVs) to proceed a bidirectional two-sample MR study. The extracted SNPs explored the relationship between bacterial pneumonia and diabetes by Inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger, and weighted median methods. In addition, we conducted the Heterogeneity test, the Pleiotropy test, MR-presso and the Leave-o

SUBMITTER: Pan S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10730180 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature