Discovery of Diverse CRISPR-Cas Systems and Expansion of the Genome Engineering Toolbox.

ABSTRACT: CRISPR systems mediate adaptive immunity in bacteria and archaea through diverse effector mechanisms and have been repurposed for versatile applications in therapeutics and diagnostics thanks to their facile reprogramming with RNA guides. RNA-guided CRISPR-Cas targeting and interference are mediated by effectors that are either components of multisubunit complexes in class 1 systems or multidomain single-effector proteins in class 2. The compact class 2 CRISPR systems have been broadly adopted for multiple applications, especially genome editing, leading to a transformation of the molecular biology and biotechnology toolkit. The diversity of class 2 effector enzymes, initially limited to the Cas9 nuclease, was substantially expanded via computational genome and metagenome mining to include

SUBMITTER: Koonin EV 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10734277 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature