Dataset Information

Characterization of Cortical and Subcortical Structural Brain Asymmetry in Adults with and without Dyslexia.

ABSTRACT: Multiple cortical (planum temporale, supramarginal gyrus, fusiform gyrus) and subcortical (caudate, putamen, and thalamus) regions have shown different functional lateralization patterns for skilled vs. dyslexic readers. The extent to which skilled and dyslexic adult readers show differential structural lateralization remains to be seen. Method: Participants included 72 adults (N = 41 skilled; N = 31 dyslexic) who underwent a high-resolution MRI brain scan. The grey matter volume of the cortical and subcortical structures was extracted. Results: While there were clear behavioral differences between the groups, there were no differences in any of the isolated structures (i.e., either total size or asymmetry index) and limited evidence for any brain-behavior relationships. We did find a significant cortical-cortical relationship (p = 0.006) and a subcortical-subcortical relationship (p = 0.008), but not cross-over relationships. Overall, this work provides unique information on neural structures as they relate to reading in skilled and dyslexic readers.

SUBMITTER: Cummine J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10741947 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Characterization of Cortical and Subcortical Structural Brain Asymmetry in Adults with and without Dyslexia.

Cummine Jacqueline J Ngo Tiffany T Nisbet Kelly K

Brain sciences 20231123 12

Multiple cortical (planum temporale, supramarginal gyrus, fusiform gyrus) and subcortical (caudate, putamen, and thalamus) regions have shown different functional lateralization patterns for skilled vs. dyslexic readers. The extent to which skilled and dyslexic adult readers show differential structural lateralization remains to be seen. Method: Participants included 72 adults (N = 41 skilled; N = 31 dyslexic) who underwent a high-resolution MRI brain scan. The grey matter volume of the cortical ...[more]

PMID: 38137070

Similar Datasets

Project description:Subcortical ischemic stroke can lead to persistent structural changes in the cerebral cortex. The evolution of cortical structural changes after subcortical stroke is largely unknown, as are their relations with motor recovery, lesion location, and early impairment of specific subsets of fibers in the corticospinal tract (CST). In this observational study, cortical structural changes were compared between 181 chronic patients with subcortical stroke involving the motor pathway and 113 healthy controls. The impacts of acute lesion location and early impairments of specific CSTs on cortical structural changes were investigated in the patients by combining voxel-based correlation analysis with an association study that compared CST damage and cortical structural changes. Longitudinal patterns of cortical structural change were explored in a group of 81 patients with subcortical stroke using a linear mixed-effects model. In the cross-sectional analyses, patients with partial recovery showed more significant reductions in cortical thickness, surface area, or gray matter volume in the sensorimotor cortex, cingulate gyrus, and gyrus rectus than did patients with complete recovery; however, patients with complete recovery demonstrated more significant increases in the cortical structural measures in frontal, temporal, and occipital regions than did patients with partial recovery. Voxel-based correlation analysis in these patients showed that acute stroke lesions involving the CST fibers originating from the primary motor cortex were associated with cortical thickness reductions in the ipsilesional motor cortex in the chronic stage. Acute stroke lesions in the putamen were correlated with increased surface area in the temporal pole in the chronic stage. The early impairment of the CST fibers originating from the primary sensory area was associated with increased cortical thickness in the occipital cortex. In the longitudinal analyses, patients with partial recovery showed gradually reduced cortical thickness, surface area, and gray matter volume in brain regions with significant structural damage in the chronic stage. Patients with complete recovery demonstrated gradually increasing cortical thickness, surface area, and gray-matter volume in the frontal, temporal, and occipital regions. The directions of slow structural changes in the frontal, occipital, and cingulate cortices were completely different between patients with partial and complete recovery. Complex cortical structural changes and their dynamic evolution patterns were different, even contrasting, in patients with partial and complete recovery, and were associated with lesion location and with impairment of specific CST fiber subsets.

Dataset Information

Characterization of Cortical and Subcortical Structural Brain Asymmetry in Adults with and without Dyslexia.

Publications

Characterization of Cortical and Subcortical Structural Brain Asymmetry in Adults with and without Dyslexia.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets