Dataset Information

Isolation, Identification, and Evaluation of the Predatory Activity of Chinese Arthrobotrys Species towards Economically Important Plant-Parasitic Nematodes.

ABSTRACT: The current investigation aimed to isolate and identify predatory fungal strains and evaluate their efficacy in mitigating the effects of plant-parasitic nematodes. We successfully isolated three distinct nematophagous fungal strains from soil samples, identified as Arthrobotrys megalosporus, A. oligospora, and A. sinensis, using conventional and molecular identification methodologies. In vitro trials illustrated the high capture efficiency of these fungi against plant-parasitic nematodes. Over an exposure period of 48 h to Aphelenchoides besseyi, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, and Ditylenchus destructor, A. megalosporus (GUCC220044) displayed predation rates of 99.7%, 83.0%, and 21.1%, respectively. A. oligospora (GUCC220045) demonstrated predation rates of 97.3%, 97.3%, and 54.6%, and A. sinensis (GUCC220046) showed rates of 85.1%, 68.3%, and 19.0% against the same cohort of nematodes. The experimental outcomes substantiate that all three identified fungal strains demonstrate predatory activity against the tested nematodes, albeit with varying efficiencies.

SUBMITTER: Wu Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10744419 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Isolation, Identification, and Evaluation of the Predatory Activity of Chinese Arthrobotrys Species towards Economically Important Plant-Parasitic Nematodes.

Wu Yan Y Yang Zaifu Z Jiang Zhaochun Z Nizamani Mir Muhammad MM Zhang Hui H Liu Mingrui M Wei Shan S Wang Yong Y Li Kaihuai K

Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) 20231121 12

The current investigation aimed to isolate and identify predatory fungal strains and evaluate their efficacy in mitigating the effects of plant-parasitic nematodes. We successfully isolated three distinct nematophagous fungal strains from soil samples, identified as Arthrobotrys megalosporus, A. oligospora, and A. sinensis, using conventional and molecular identification methodologies. In vitro trials illustrated the high capture efficiency of these fungi against plant-paras ...[more]

PMID: 38132726

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Project description:Cooperia oncophora and Ostertagia ostertagi are among the most important gastrointestinal nematodes of cattle worldwide. The economic losses caused by these parasites are on the order of hundreds of millions of dollars per year. Conventional treatment of these parasites is through anthelmintic drugs; however, as resistance to anthelmintics increases, overall effectiveness has begun decreasing. New methods of control and alternative drug targets are necessary. In-depth analysis of transcriptomic data can help provide these targets.The assembly of 8.7 million and 11 million sequences from C. oncophora and O. ostertagi, respectively, resulted in 29,900 and 34,792 transcripts. Among these, 69% and 73% of the predicted peptides encoded by C. oncophora and O. ostertagi had homologues in other nematodes. Approximately 21% and 24% were constitutively expressed in both species, respectively; however, the numbers of transcripts that were stage specific were much smaller (~1% of the transcripts expressed in a stage). Approximately 21% of the transcripts in C. oncophora and 22% in O. ostertagi were up-regulated in a particular stage. Functional molecular signatures were detected for 46% and 35% of the transcripts in C. oncophora and O. ostertagi, respectively. More in-depth examinations of the most prevalent domains led to knowledge of gene expression changes between the free-living (egg, L1, L2 and L3 sheathed) and parasitic (L3 exsheathed, L4, and adult) stages. Domains previously implicated in growth and development such as chromo domains and the MADF domain tended to dominate in the free-living stages. In contrast, domains potentially involved in feeding such as the zinc finger and CAP domains dominated in the parasitic stages. Pathway analyses showed significant associations between life-cycle stages and peptides involved in energy metabolism in O. ostertagi whereas metabolism of cofactors and vitamins were specifically up-regulated in the parasitic stages of C. oncophora. Substantial differences were observed also between Gene Ontology terms associated with free-living and parasitic stages.This study characterized transcriptomes from multiple life stages from both C. oncophora and O. ostertagi. These data represent an important resource for studying these parasites. The results of this study show distinct differences in the genes involved in the free-living and parasitic life cycle stages. The data produced will enable better annotation of the upcoming genome sequences and will allow future comparative analyses of the biology, evolution and adaptation to parasitism in nematodes.

Dataset Information

Isolation, Identification, and Evaluation of the Predatory Activity of Chinese Arthrobotrys Species towards Economically Important Plant-Parasitic Nematodes.

Publications

Isolation, Identification, and Evaluation of the Predatory Activity of Chinese <i>Arthrobotrys</i> Species towards Economically Important Plant-Parasitic Nematodes.

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