Tumor immune microenvironment-based therapies in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: time to update the concept.

ABSTRACT: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal solid tumors. The tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) formed by interactions among cancer cells, immune cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF), and extracellular matrix (ECM) components drives PDAC in a more immunosuppressive direction: this is a major cause of therapy resistance and poor prognosis. In recent years, research has advanced our understanding of the signaling mechanism by which TIME components interact with the tumor and the evolution of immunophenotyping. Through revolutionary technologies such as single-cell sequencing, we have gone from simply classifying PDACs as "cold" and "hot" to a more comprehensive approach of immunophenotyping that considers all the cells and matrix components. This is key to impr

SUBMITTER: Luo W 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10759657 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature