Immune engineered extracellular vesicles to modulate T cell activation in the context of type 1 diabetes.

ABSTRACT: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) can affect immune responses through antigen presentation and costimulation or coinhibition. We generated designer EVs to modulate T cells in the context of type 1 diabetes, a T cell-mediated autoimmune disease, by engineering a lymphoblast cell line, K562, to express HLA-A*02 (HLA-A2) alongside costimulatory CD80 and/or coinhibitory programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1). EVs presenting HLA-A2 and CD80 activated CD8⁺ T cells in a dose, antigen, and HLA-specific manner. Adding PD-L1 to these EVs produced an immunoregulatory response, reducing CD8⁺ T cell activation and cytotoxicity in vitro. EVs alone could not stimulate T cells without antigen-presenting cells. EVs lacking CD80 were ineffective at modulating CD8⁺ T cell activation, s

SUBMITTER: Becker MW 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10765990 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature