Dataset Information

High Adherence to a Mediterranean Alcohol-Drinking Pattern and Mediterranean Diet Can Mitigate the Harmful Effect of Alcohol on Mortality Risk.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Alcohol is a psychoactive substance with deleterious effects on human health and mortality. This study aims to investigate the joint associations between the Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet), alcohol- consumption patterns and mortality from the following: all causes, cardiovascular, neoplastic, the digestive system, and other causes.

Methods

A sample of 3411 alcohol consumers aged ≥18 years was selected from two prospective cohort studies: the MICOL and NUTRIHEP Study. Cohorts were enrolled in 2005-2006, and followed up until December 2022, capturing data on alcohol consumption, diet, and mortality. Adherence to the MedDiet was measured by the relative Mediterranean score (rMED), and alcohol consumption by the Mediterranean Alcohol-drinking Pattern index (MADP). Statistical analyses included flexible parametric survival models and subdistribution hazard ratios, to consider different causes of death.

Results

a significant increase in digestive-system (SHR 2.77, 95% CI 1.16; 63) and cancer mortality risk (SHR 2.25, 95% CI 1.08; 4.70) was observed among individuals with low adherence to the MADP. Low adherence to the Mediterranean pattern of alcohol consumption, combined with low adherence to the MedDiet, was associated with higher overall mortality (HR 2.29, 95% CI 1.04, 5.04), and, in particular, with higher mortality from digestive system diseases (SHR 4.38, 95% CI 1.22, 15.8).

Conclusions

This study suggests that deleterious effects of alcohol on mortality vary, depending on alcohol consumption patterns and dietary context. Higher adherence to the MedDiet appears to mitigate the adverse effects of moderate alcohol consumption, particularly for wine drinkers.

SUBMITTER: Campanella A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10780794 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

High Adherence to a Mediterranean Alcohol-Drinking Pattern and Mediterranean Diet Can Mitigate the Harmful Effect of Alcohol on Mortality Risk.

Campanella Angelo A Bonfiglio Caterina C Cuccaro Francesco F Donghia Rossella R Tatoli Rossella R Giannelli Gianluigi G

Nutrients 20231224 1

<h4>Background</h4>Alcohol is a psychoactive substance with deleterious effects on human health and mortality. This study aims to investigate the joint associations between the Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet), alcohol- consumption patterns and mortality from the following: all causes, cardiovascular, neoplastic, the digestive system, and other causes.<h4>Methods</h4>A sample of 3411 alcohol consumers aged ≥18 years was selected from two prospective cohort studies: the MICOL and NUTRIHEP Study. Coho ...[more]

PMID: 38201889

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Project description:BackgroundThe Mediterranean diet pattern has been consistently associated with health benefits but less is known about the association with environmental and economic sustainability in the United States (US). This information is needed to support sustainable policy agendas and provide consumers with evidence-based information needed to make informed food choices. This study fills this research gap by evaluating the environmental sustainability and diet cost associated with adherence to the Mediterranean diet pattern in the US.MethodsDietary data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2011-2018, n = 17,079) were merged with data on environmental impacts (greenhouse gas emissions, cumulative energy demand, water scarcity footprint), agricultural resource demand (land, fertilizer nutrients, and pesticides), and food prices from multiple publicly available databases. The Mediterranean Diet Score was used to evaluate adherence to the Mediterranean diet pattern. Multivariable linear regression models were used to evaluate the association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet pattern and environmental impacts, agricultural resource demand, and diet cost. Sensitivity analyses were used to evaluate adjustment of loss and waste and food-away-from-home prices.ResultsGreater adherence to the Mediterranean diet pattern was associated with lower greenhouse gas emissions (p < 0.001), land use (p < 0.001), fertilizer nutrient use (p < 0.001), and pesticide use (p < 0.001), higher water scarcity footprint (p < 0.001) and diet cost (p < 0.001), and no change in cumulative energy demand (p = 0.147). These changes were driven primarily by reduced intake of animal-sourced foods such as beef dishes, meat sandwiches, and dairy, as well as decreased intake of refined carbohydrate foods such as refined grain dishes and soft drinks.ConclusionsThis nationally representative study demonstrates that greater adherence to the Mediterranean diet pattern is associated with sustainability trade-offs. These findings have implications for the development of sustainable dietary guidelines and clinical practice guidelines that can be used to inform consumer food choices.

Project description:BackgroundThe Mediterranean diet pattern (MDP) is believed to improve health and promote balanced inflammation and metabolism. While unknown, compelling evidence suggests that MDP could benefit patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We aimed to evaluate the level of diet adherence, diet quality, and nutritional adequacy of the MDP in patients with Ulcerative Colitis (UC).MethodsAdult participants (n = 32) with quiescent UC were randomized to follow a MDP (n = 18) or Canadian Habitual Diet (CHD) (n = 14) for 12 weeks. The MDP participants received tailored nutrition education from a Registered Dietitian. Demographic, clinical data, medical history, and quality of life were assessed with the Short Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (SIBDQ), dietary adherence with the Mediterranean Diet Serving Score (MDSS), diet quality via the Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015), and dietary intake (ASA-24) were completed at baseline and week 12.ResultsParticipants' diets were analyzed (MDP n = 15, CHD n = 13). The MDP (n = 10, 67%) achieved a high level of adherence (MDSS score between 16 and 24) vs. CHD (n = 3), (p = 0.030). HEI-2015 significantly increased from baseline to week 12 (p = 0.007) in the MDP and was significantly higher at week 12 compared to the CHD (p = 0.0001). The SIBDQ (bowel domain) showed reductions in the passage of large amounts of gas (p = 0.01) and improvements in tenesmus (p = 0.03) in the MDP. Despite enhanced diet quality and adherence in the MDP, females had inadequate intakes of calcium, iron, vitamin D, vitamin E, and choline and males had inadequate intakes of fiber, vitamin D, vitamin E, and choline. No adverse events were reported.ConclusionWith nutrition education, high adherence to the MDP was achieved without an increase in bowel symptoms. Following the MDP led to a higher diet quality; however, nutritional inadequacies were identified. Tailored dietary education focusing on nutrients of concern when following the MDP is recommended to ensure nutritional adequacy.Clinical trial registration[www.ClinicalTrials.gov], identifier [NCT03053713].

Dataset Information

High Adherence to a Mediterranean Alcohol-Drinking Pattern and Mediterranean Diet Can Mitigate the Harmful Effect of Alcohol on Mortality Risk.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

High Adherence to a Mediterranean Alcohol-Drinking Pattern and Mediterranean Diet Can Mitigate the Harmful Effect of Alcohol on Mortality Risk.

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