Project description:Thin, slender, filament like structure is common finding in right atrium echocardiographically. These structures generally represent embryological remnants like thebasian valve, eustachian valve and chiari network. Apart from these variants, they can also be initial finding of thrombotic process specially in the presence of central venous catheter. Early detection and removing the catheter can prevent further thromboembolism in such cases.
Project description:Echocardiography is the most common routine cardiac imaging method. Nevertheless, only few data about sex-specific reference limits for right atrium (RA) dimensions are available. Transthoracic echocardiographic RA measurements were studied in 9511 participants of the Gutenberg-Health-Study. A reference sample of 1942 cardiovascular healthy subjects without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was defined. We assessed RA dimensions and sex-specific reference limits were defined using the 95th percentile of the reference sample. Results showed sex-specific differences with larger RA dimensions in men that were attenuated by standardization for body-height. RA-volume was 20.2 ml/m in women (5th-95th: 12.7-30.4 ml/m) and 26.1 ml/m in men (5th-95th: 16.0-40.5 ml/m). Multivariable regressions identified body-mass-index (BMI), coronary artery disease (CAD), chronic heart failure (CHF) and atrial fibrillation (AF) as independent key correlates of RA-volume in both sexes. All-cause mortality after median follow-up-period of 10.7 (9.81/11.6) years was higher in individuals who had RA volume/height outside the 95% reference limit (HR 1.70 [95%CI 1.29-2.23], P = 0.00014)). Based on a large community-based sample, we present sex-specific reference-values for RA dimensions normalized for height. RA-volume varies with BMI, CHF, CAD and AF in both sexes. Individuals with RA-volume outside the reference limit had a 1.7-fold higher mortality than those within reference limits.
Project description:A comparison of human cardiac gene expression profile in paired samples of right atrium and left ventricle extracted in vivo<br><br>
Project description:We report a case of a 70-year-old woman who presented for a cavotricuspid isthmus atrial flutter ablation that was aborted prematurely. On subsequent imaging, she was discovered to have a right atrial diverticulum, which was present on prior imaging but not reported, likely due to unfamiliarity with the entity. (Level of Difficulty: Intermediate.).