Oncolytic α-herpesvirus and myeloid-tropic cytomegalovirus cooperatively enhance systemic antitumor responses.

ABSTRACT: Oncolytic virotherapy aims to activate host antitumor immunity. In responsive tumors, intratumorally injected herpes simplex viruses (HSVs) have been shown to lyse tumor cells, resulting in local inflammation, enhanced tumor antigen presentation, and boosting of antitumor cytotoxic lymphocytes. In contrast to HSV, cytomegalovirus (CMV) is nonlytic and reprograms infected myeloid cells, limiting their antigen-presenting functions and protecting them from recognition by natural killer (NK) cells. Here, we show that when co-injected into mouse tumors with an oncolytic HSV, mouse CMV (mCMV) preferentially targeted tumor-associated myeloid cells, promoted the local release of proinflammatory cytokines, and enhanced systemic antitumor immune responses, leading to superior control of both injecte

SUBMITTER: Jiang H 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10787119 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature