SARS-CoV-2 S protein activates NLRP3 inflammasome and deregulates coagulation factors in endothelial and immune cells.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Hyperinflammation, hypercoagulation and endothelial injury are major findings in acute and post-COVID-19. The SARS-CoV-2 S protein has been detected as an isolated element in human tissues reservoirs and is the main product of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines. We investigated whether the S protein alone triggers pro-inflammatory and pro-coagulant responses in primary cultures of two cell types deeply affected by SARS-CoV-2, such are monocytes and endothelial cells.

Methods

In human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and monocytes, the components of NF-κB and the NLRP3 inflammasome system, as well as coagulation regulators, were assessed by qRT-PCR, Western blot, flow cytometry, or indirect immunofluorescence.

Results

S protein activated NF-κB, promoted pro-infl

SUBMITTER: Villacampa A 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10788971 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature