M2 macrophages-derived exosomes regulate osteoclast differentiation by the CSF2/TNF-α axis.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Osteoclast-mediated bone resorption cause bone loss in several bone diseases. Exosomes have been reported to regulate osteoclast differentiation. M2-polarized macrophages exhibit anti-inflammatory activity. This study aimed to explore the effect of exosomes from M2 polarized macrophages (M2-exos) on osteoclastogenesis and molecular mechanisms.

Methods

M2-exos were isolated from IL-4-induced Raw264.7 cells (M2 macrophages) and used to treat osteoclasts (RANKL-induced Raw264.7 cells). Osteoclast differentiation was visualized using tartrate resistant acid phosphatase staining. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) was conducted to measure the levels of osteoclastogenesis-related genes. The underlying mechanisms of M2-exos were evaluated using qPCR and western blotting.<

SUBMITTER: Zhou Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10795354 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature