Surface Crystal Modification of Na₃ V₂ (PO₄ )₃ to Cast Intermediate Na₂ V₂ (PO₄ )₃ Phase toward High-Rate Sodium Storage.

ABSTRACT: The two-phase reaction of Na₃ V₂ (PO₄ )₃ - Na₁ V₂ (PO₄ )₃ in Na₃ V₂ (PO₄ )₃ (NVP) is hindered by low electronic and ionic conductivity. To address this problem, a surface-N-doped NVP encapsulating by N-doped carbon nanocage (N-NVP/N-CN) is rationally constructed, wherein the nitrogen is doped in both the surface crystal structure of NVP and carbon layer. The surface crystal modification decreases the energy barrier of Na⁺ diffusion from bulk to electrolyte, enhances intrinsic electronic conductivity, and releases lattice stress. Meanwhile, the porous architecture provides more active sites for redox reactions and shortens the diffusion path of ion.

SUBMITTER: Zhang H 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10797425 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature