Dataset Information

Psychological correlates of body dissatisfaction in Swiss youth over a one-year study-period.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

It is well known that young individuals often report pronounced negative perceptions and attitudes towards their own body or intense fear of being not muscular enough. There is much less data available, however, on the role of psychological mechanisms on these perceptions and attitudes, such as emotion regulation difficulties, correlates of alexithymia, and appearance-related rejection sensitivity.

Methods

We therefore set out to assess associations between these psychological mechanisms, and body image as well as muscle dysmorphic symptoms. Our sample was recruited as part of a larger-scale study aiming at assessing correlates of mental health (with a focus on eating disorder symptoms) in German speaking Switzerland. The first wave (T1), starting in April 2021, included 605 participants (80% female, 19.6 ± 2.5 years) who completed the online-questionnaire and were reassessed in a second wave (T2), one year later.

Results

Results indicated that at both waves, emotion regulation difficulties [DERS-SF] and appearance-based rejection sensitivity [ARS-D] were both positively cross-sectionally associated with body dissatisfaction [BSQ-8C] and muscle dysmorphic symptoms [MDDI] at the first assessment time-point and one year later at follow-up assessment. Moreover, alexithymia [TAS-20] was positively cross-sectionally associated with muscle dysmorphic symptoms at both waves. We further observed high absolute and relative level stabilities for all variables involved across the one-year study period.

Discussion/conclusion

Even though the effects for some associations were rather small, our findings underline the relevance of such mechanisms in the development of body dissatisfaction and to a lesser extent of muscle dysmorphia symptoms over the period of one year. Additional research is necessary to replicate these findings in other youth samples.

SUBMITTER: Mueller VM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10802120 | biostudies-literature | 2023

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Psychological correlates of body dissatisfaction in Swiss youth over a one-year study-period.

Mueller Verena M VM Forrer Felicitas F Meyer Andrea H AH Munsch Simone S

Frontiers in psychology 20240108

<h4>Introduction</h4>It is well known that young individuals often report pronounced negative perceptions and attitudes towards their own body or intense fear of being not muscular enough. There is much less data available, however, on the role of psychological mechanisms on these perceptions and attitudes, such as emotion regulation difficulties, correlates of alexithymia, and appearance-related rejection sensitivity.<h4>Methods</h4>We therefore set out to assess associations between these psyc ...[more]

PMID: 38259526

Similar Datasets

Project description:BackgroundEmerging research indicates the potential for early transition from intravenous to oral antimicrobial therapy in certain infections. This trend may have implications for outpatient parenteral antibiotic therapy (OPAT) programs, as the demand for prolonged intravenous treatment could decrease. The objective of this study was to evaluate the frequency and evolution of OPAT courses of ≥ 14 days over the years and determine the medical justification for those prolonged treatments.MethodsAll patients treated intravenously for ≥ 14 days by the OPAT program at Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland, between 2017 and 2022 were included in the study. Data were extracted from a prospectively established OPAT database. Prevalence of prolonged antibiotic treatment and its clinical and microbiological information were identified.ResultsDuring the study period, a total of 2,448 treatment courses were administered: 1,636 intravenous (IV) and 812 oral treatments. Of the IV treatments courses, 749 (36%) were of a duration of ≥ 14 days, without discernible trend over the 6-year study period. The most common type of infections needing prolonged treatment were bone and joint infections (31%), endovascular infections (18%), complicated intra-abdominal infections (15%), and urinary tract infections (11%), with only minor fluctuations in these proportions during the study period. Finally, the use of second-line antibiotics (piperacillin-tazobactam, carbapenems and vancomycin) did not increase over the years, suggesting that prolonged intravenous antibiotic therapy is not linked to an increase of anti-microbial resistance in our cohort.ConclusionsDespite the general trend towards shorter intravenous treatment courses in infectious diseases, our OPAT unit did not observe a decline in the use of prolonged intravenous antibiotic therapy between 2017 and 2022, suggesting that OPAT units will probably not see a decrease in their activities in the near future.

Project description:Body image disturbance is associated with several mental disorders. Previous research on body image has focused mostly on women, largely neglecting body image in men. Moreover, only a small number of studies have conducted gender comparisons of body image over the lifespan and included participants aged 50 years and older. With regard to measurement, body image has often been assessed only in terms of body dissatisfaction, disregarding further aspects such as body appreciation or the importance of appearance. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to explore different aspects of body image in the general German-speaking population and to compare men and women of various ages. Participants completed an online survey comprising questionnaires about body image. Body dissatisfaction, importance of appearance, the number of hours per day participants would invest and the number of years they would sacrifice to achieve their ideal appearance, and body appreciation were assessed and analyzed with respect to gender and age differences. We hypothesized that body dissatisfaction and importance of appearance would be higher in women than in men, that body dissatisfaction would remain stable across age in women, and that importance of appearance would be lower in older women compared to younger women. Body appreciation was predicted to be higher in men than in women. General and generalized linear models were used to examine the impact of age and gender. In line with our hypotheses, body dissatisfaction was higher in women than in men and was unaffected by age in women, and importance of appearance was higher in women than in men. However, only in men did age predict a lower level of the importance of appearance. Compared to men, women stated that they would invest more hours of their lives to achieve their ideal appearance. For both genders, age was a predictor of the number of years participants would sacrifice to achieve their ideal appearance. Contrary to our assumption, body appreciation improved and was higher in women across all ages than in men. The results seem to suggest that men's and women's body image are dissimilar and appear to vary across different ages.

Project description:BackgroundWe evaluated data from isolates of nursing home (NH) patients sent to the Swiss centre for antibiotic resistance (ANRESIS). We focussed on carbapenem-resistance (CR) among Gram-negative pathogens, extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant (ESC-R) Escherichia coli/Klebsiella pneumoniae, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and glycopeptide-resistant enterococci (GRE).MethodsNH patient isolates from 01/2007 to 10/2017 were extracted. Temporal trends in resistance were described and risk factors associated with ESC-R and MRSA were assessed. For every administrative subdivision in Switzerland (i.e. canton), we calculated a coverage rate, defined as number of beds of governmentally-supported nursing homes, which sent ≥1 isolate in each 2014, 2015, and 2016, divided by the total number of supported beds.ResultsWe identified 16'804 samples from 9'940 patients. A majority of samples (12'040; 71.6%) originated from the French/Italian speaking part of Switzerland. ESC-R E. coli increased from 5% (16/299) in 2007 to 22% (191/884) in 2017 (P < 0.01), whereas MRSA decreased from 34% (35/102) to 26% (21/81) (P < 0.01). Provenience from the German (vs. French/Italian) speaking part of Switzerland was associated with decreased risk for ESC-R (OR 0.5, 95% CI 0.4-0.7) and for MRSA (OR 0.1, 95% CI 0.1-0.2). CR among Pseudomonas aeruginosa was 10% (105/1096) and showed an increasing trend over time; CR among Enterobacteriaceae (37/12'423, 0.3%) and GRE (5/1'273, 0.4%) were uncommon. Overall coverage rate was 9% (range 0-58% per canton). There was a significant difference between the French/Italian (median 13%, interquartile range [IQR] 4-43%) and the German speaking cantons (median 0%, IQR 0-5%) (P = 0.02).ConclusionsESC-R among E. coli is emerging in Swiss NHs, whereas MRSA show a declining trend over time. A minority of NHs are represented in ANRESIS, with a preponderance of institutions from the French/Italian speaking regions. Efforts should be undertaken to improve resistance surveillance in this high-risk setting.

Dataset Information

Psychological correlates of body dissatisfaction in Swiss youth over a one-year study-period.

Introduction

Methods

Results

Discussion/conclusion

Publications

Psychological correlates of body dissatisfaction in Swiss youth over a one-year study-period.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets