Divergent immune microenvironments in two tumor nodules from a patient with mismatch repair-deficient prostate cancer.

ABSTRACT: Patients with prostate cancer (PC) generally do not respond favorably to immune checkpoint inhibitors, which may be due to a low abundance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes even when mutational load is high. Here, we identified a patient who presented with high-grade primary prostate cancer with two adjacent tumor nodules. While both nodules were mismatch repair-deficient (MMRd), exhibited pathogenic MSH2 and MSH6 alterations, had a high tumor mutational burden (TMB), and demonstrated high microsatellite instability (MSI), they had markedly distinct immune phenotypes. The first displayed a dense infiltrate of lymphocytes ("hot nodule"), while the second displayed significantly fewer infiltrating lymphocytes ("cold nodule"). Whole-exome DNA analysis found that both nodules shared many ident

SUBMITTER: Bergom HE 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10803790 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature