Dataset Information

Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity, Its Complications, and Progression in a 10-Year Follow-Up in the Gutenberg Health Study (GHS).

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

Overweight and obesity lead to numerous complications and their treatment. The associated costs represent a health and sociopolitical burden. Therefore, the development of overweight and obesity is of great importance for health policy.

Methods

The Gutenberg Health Study (GHS), a population-based observational study of individuals aged 35-74 years in the city of Mainz and the district of Mainz-Bingen, examined current data on the prevalence and development of overweight and obesity and their association with concomitant diseases and medication use.

Results

Among men, 48.1% were overweight and 26.3% had obesity. Among women, these proportions were 32.1% and 24.1%, respectively. Elevated body mass index (BMI) was associated with numerous complications, particularly insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes, arterial hypertension, elevated triglycerides and low HDL cholesterol, and cardiovascular disease. Accordingly, medications to treat these conditions were used significantly more often in individuals with elevated BMI. During the 10-year observation period, mean weight increased in the population. Both men and women had a moderate but significant increase in BMI compared to men and women of the same age at baseline. Individual weight changes over the 10-year observation period, on the other hand, were age-dependent. In the two younger age decades, weight gain was observed, while in the oldest age decade, mean body weight decreased.

Conclusion

These current data confirm that overweight and obesity are associated with relevant complications and that these complications lead to significant use of appropriate medications. The study also suggests that there is a significant trend toward increased prevalence of obesity (BMI ≥30) over the 10-year period.

SUBMITTER: Falter T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10836863 | biostudies-literature | 2024

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity, Its Complications, and Progression in a 10-Year Follow-Up in the Gutenberg Health Study (GHS).

Falter Tanja T Hennige Anita M AM Schulz Andreas A Gieswinkel Alexander A Lotz Johannes J Rossmann Heidi H Beutel Manfred M Michal Matthias M Pfeiffer Norbert N Schmidtmann Irene I Münzel Thomas T Wild Philipp S PS Lackner Karl J KJ

Obesity facts 20231014 1

<h4>Introduction</h4>Overweight and obesity lead to numerous complications and their treatment. The associated costs represent a health and sociopolitical burden. Therefore, the development of overweight and obesity is of great importance for health policy.<h4>Methods</h4>The Gutenberg Health Study (GHS), a population-based observational study of individuals aged 35-74 years in the city of Mainz and the district of Mainz-Bingen, examined current data on the prevalence and development of overweig ...[more]

PMID: 37839401

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Project description:ObjectiveThe surgical option could represent a valid alternative to medical therapy in some diabetic patients. However, no data are available on long-term effects of metabolic surgery on diabetic complications. We aimed to determine whether patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes who underwent bilio-pancreatic diversion (BPD) had less micro- and macrovascular complications than those who received conventional therapy.Research design and methodsThis was an unblinded, case-controlled trial with 10-years' follow-up, conducted from July 1998 through October 2009 at the Day Hospital of Metabolic Diseases, Catholic University, Rome, Italy. A consecutive sample of 110 obese patients (BMI >35 kg/m(2)) with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes was enrolled. The study was completed by 50 subjects. The main outcome measure was long-term effects (10 years) of BPD versus those associated with conventional therapy on microvascular outcome, micro- and macroalbuminuria, and glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Secondary measures included macrovascular outcomes, type 2 diabetes remission, glycated hemoglobin, and hyperlipidemia.ResultsTen-year GFR variation was -45.7 ± 18.8% in the medical arm and 13.6 ± 24.5% in the surgical arm (P < 0.001). Ten-year hypercreatininemia prevalence was 39.3% in control subjects and 9% in BPD subjects (P = 0.001). After 10 years, all BPD subjects recovered from microalbuminuria, whereas microalbuminuria appeared or progressed to macroalbuminuria in control subjects. Three myocardial infarctions, determined by electrocardiogram, and one stroke occurred in control subjects. After the 10-year follow-up, coronary heart disease (CHD) probability was 0.22 ± 0.10 and 0.05 ± 0.04 in the medical and surgical groups, respectively (P < 0.001). Remission from type 2 diabetes was observed in all patients within 1 year of surgery. Surgical and medical subjects had lost 34.60 ± 10.25 and 0.38 ± 6.10% of initial weight at the 10-year follow-up (P < 0.001).ConclusionsRenal and cardiovascular complications were dramatically reduced in the surgical arm, indicating long-term benefits of BPD on diabetic complications, at least in the case of morbid obesity with decompensated type 2 diabetes.

Project description:BackgroundIn view of demographic change, rising retirement age, and a growing shortage of skilled workers, it is increasingly important to prevent widespread diseases such as type 2 diabetes or its risk factor metabolic syndrome. Since the workplace is an important setting for preventive measures and little is known about incident cases in the working population, the aim of this study was to identify vulnerable occupational groups for whom these interventions are particularly appropriate. Therefore, we investigated the 10-year incidence of type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome across occupational groups in Germany.MethodsEmployees of the population-based Gutenberg-Health-Study (GHS) were examined at baseline (2007-2012) and 10 years later. We calculated age- and sex-standardised incidence rates and standardised incidence ratios (SIR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) for occupations, job complexity levels, and supervisory and managerial positions. 5954 persons at risk for type 2 diabetes and 5103 at risk for metabolic syndrome were observed.ResultsBetween baseline and follow-up, 388 cases of type 2 diabetes and 1104 cases of metabolic syndrome occurred, and standardised incidences were 6.9% and 22.6%, respectively. The highest incidence of type 2 diabetes was observed in the occupational group "food production and processing" (20.7%) with a threefold increased incidence (SIR = 3.0, 95% CI 1.8-4.7) compared to the total working population of the GHS. Employees in "metal production, processing and construction" had the highest incidence of metabolic syndrome and a two times higher SIR (48.5%; SIR = 2.1, 95% CI 1.4-2.9). There was also a high incidence of both type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome in "cleaners" (16.5% and 34.8%) and "drivers and mobile plant operators" (14.8% and 41.2%). An increased incidence of type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome was observed with decreasing job complexity levels.ConclusionsThis study shows wide differences in the incidence of type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome between occupational groups and highlights the vulnerability of certain occupations. As the workplace is an important platform for interventions, the findings of this study could guide the development of more nuanced and effective workplace health initiatives to promote a healthier workforce for the future.

Project description:IntroductionWork-life conflicts (WLC) may impact health, but few studies prospectively consider the impact of WLC on objective outcomes such as cardiovascular disease. Using data from the Gutenberg Health Study (GHS), we examined if WLC at baseline was associated with an increased five-year incidence of cardiovascular events (myocardial infarct, stroke, atrial fibrillation, peripheral artery disease, coronary artery disease, chronic heart failure, sudden cardiac death). We also considered if WLC was associated with incident hypertension and arterial stiffness and if the effects of WLC on cardiovascular health differ for men and women.MethodsA working subsample of the 15,010 GHS cohort participants completed the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire, which included five "work-privacy conflict" questions at baseline and at the five-year follow-up. Relative risks for incident hypertension due to increased WLC at baseline (WLC scores exceeding 60 out of 100) were estimated with Poisson regression in the subgroup of participants without hypertension at baseline (n = 2426). Categories of WLC at baseline and follow-up were also used to examine the risk of hypertension due to chronic/recurrent WLC. In this subgroup, we also examined the association between WLC as a continuous score ranging from 0 to 100 with change to arterial stiffness after five years using linear regression. Hazard ratios were estimated for incident cardiovascular events in a larger subsample of participants without prevalent cardiovascular disease at baseline (n = 3698) using Cox regression. We used various multivariable regression models to adjust for sex, age, socioeconomic status, occupational, household, and cardiovascular risk factors.ResultsWe found no association between WLC and incident hypertension or increased arterial stiffness. The fully-adjusted relative risk for WLC >60 at baseline and hypertension was 0.93 (95% 0.74-1.17). The risk of hypertension due to chronic/recurrent WLC >60 was increased but not statistically significant (RR = 1.13, 95% CI 0.83-1.54). Overall, hazard ratios for incident cardiovascular events were also not increased. However, stratifying the results by sex resulted in a hazard ratio of 1.47 (95% CI 0.54-3.98) for incident cardiovascular disease among women in the fully adjusted model.ConclusionsAlthough our results were not statistically significant, they indicate that WLC is negatively impacting the cardiovascular health of women. While these results need to be confirmed with additional research and a longer follow-up, interventions to prevent WLC will promote health and could be especially beneficial for women.

Project description:BackgroundDescriptive epidemiologists have repeatedly reported that males are more susceptible to head and neck cancers. However, most published data are those of cross-sectional studies, and no population-based cohort study has yet been published. The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of head and neck cancers in healthy males with females.MethodsA retrospective cohort study using the Korean National Health Insurance Service database on 9,598,085 individuals who underwent regular health checkups from 1 January to 31 December 2009. We sought head and neck cancers developed during the 10-year follow-up.ResultsA total of 10,732 (incidence rate (IR) per 1000 person-years 0.25) individuals were newly diagnosed with head and neck cancer among the 9,598,085 individuals during the 10-year follow-up. The IR was 0.19 in males (8500 affected) and 0.06 in females (2232 affected). Notably, the male-female ratio increased with age below 70 years but decreased thereafter. The male-female difference was most apparent for laryngeal cancer; the male IR was 11-fold higher in the 40 s and 20-fold higher in the 60 s, followed by hypopharyngeal cancer (6.8- and 24.2-fold). Males smoked more and drank more alcohol than females (p < 0.0001 *, p < 0.0001 *). When never-smokers/-drinkers (only) were compared, males remained at a 2.9-fold higher risk of head and neck cancer than females. The hazard ratios for head and neck cancers in males tended to increase in the lower part of the upper aerodigestive tract: larynx (13.9) > hypopharynx (10.9) > oropharynx (4.4) > nasopharynx (2.9) > sinonasal region (1.8) > oral (1.6). Only the salivary gland cancer incidence did not differ between the sexes; the gland is not in the upper aerodigestive tract.ConclusionMales are much more susceptible to head and neck cancers than females regardless of whether they drink alcohol or smoke tobacco. Sex differences in the incidence of head and neck cancer are most evident in the 60 s in the lower part of the upper aerodigestive tract, such as the larynx and hypopharynx.

Project description:Sotos syndrome is caused by a gene deletion with an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance. Cerebral gigantism, hypotonia and joint hyperextensibility are characteristic features of this syndrome. A percentage of these patients develop progressive scoliosis early in life. In the literature, few studies on the evolution of scoliosis in Sotos syndrome have been published. We retrospectively evaluated eight patients diagnosed with Sotos syndrome and scoliosis treated at the Garrahan Children Hospital between 1988 and March 2009. Clinical charts and imaging studies were assessed. Eight patients (19%) presented with scoliosis and seven of them (87.5%) required surgical treatment. The mean follow-up was 9.5 years (range 3-18). Mean age at first consultation was 5.2 years (range 1.1-11.2). Mean Cobb angle for scoliosis at first consultation was 34.3° (range 20°-42°) and the mean Cobb angle for kyphosis was 45.6° (range 30°-90°). Mean age at surgery was 11.2 years (range 3.7-18.10). The surgical procedures performed were instrumented posterior arthrodesis, alone or combined with anterior arthrodesis, instrumented anterior arthrodesis, while one patient is currently in treatment with growing rods. Preoperative mean Cobb angle for scoliosis was 72.3° (range 54°-130°) and for kyphosis was 59.8° (range 30°-108°); postoperative mean Cobb angle for scoliosis was 45.5° (range 6°-90°) and for kyphosis was 40.2° (range 30°-80°). There were three early complications (pleural effusion in two cases and death due to sepsis in one) and two late complications (kyphosis above the instrumentation area and dislodgement of the proximal hooks). Incidence of scoliosis in Sotos syndrome is high and thus close monitoring of patients with Sotos syndrome during growth is important for early detection of this entity. Joint hyperextensibility and hypotonia that are characteristic of the syndrome should be considered at the moment of surgery to avoid short fusions.

Dataset Information

Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity, Its Complications, and Progression in a 10-Year Follow-Up in the Gutenberg Health Study (GHS).

Introduction

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity, Its Complications, and Progression in a 10-Year Follow-Up in the Gutenberg Health Study (GHS).

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