Dataset Information

Increasing multi-hazard climate risk and financial and health impacts on northern homeowners.

ABSTRACT: Currently, more than half of the world's human population lives in urban areas, which are increasingly affected by climate hazards. Little is known about how multi-hazard environments affect people, especially those living in urban areas in northern latitudes. This study surveyed homeowners in Anchorage and Fairbanks, USA, Alaska's largest urban centers, to measure individual risk perceptions, mitigation response, and damages related to wildfire, surface ice hazards, and permafrost thaw. Up to one third of residents reported being affected by all three hazards, with surface ice hazards being the most widely distributed, related to an estimated $25 million in annual damages. Behavioral risk response, policy recommendations for rapidly changing urban environments, and the challenges to local governments in mitigation efforts are discussed.

SUBMITTER: Schwoerer T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10837396 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Increasing multi-hazard climate risk and financial and health impacts on northern homeowners.

Schwoerer Tobias T Schmidt Jennifer I JI Berman Matthew M Bieniek Peter P Farquharson Louise M LM Nicolsky Dmitry D Powell James J Roberts Rachel R Thoman Rick R Ziel Robert R

Ambio 20231113 3

Currently, more than half of the world's human population lives in urban areas, which are increasingly affected by climate hazards. Little is known about how multi-hazard environments affect people, especially those living in urban areas in northern latitudes. This study surveyed homeowners in Anchorage and Fairbanks, USA, Alaska's largest urban centers, to measure individual risk perceptions, mitigation response, and damages related to wildfire, surface ice hazards, and permafrost thaw. Up to o ...[more]

PMID: 37957445

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Project description:ObjectiveTo determine the impacts of the Medicaid expansion on revenues, costs, assets, and liabilities of federally funded community health centers.Data sourcesWe combined data from the Uniform Data System, Internal Revenue Service nonprofit tax returns, and county-level characteristics from the Census Bureau. Our final dataset included 5841 center-year observations.Study designWe used difference-in-differences model to estimate the fiscal impacts of the Medicaid expansion on community health centers. We employed event study models, state-specific trend models, and placebo law tests as robustness checks.Data collection methodsNot applicable.Principal findingsOn the revenue side, we found a $2.08 million relative increase (p = 0.002) in Medicaid revenues, offset by a $0.44 million decrease (p = 0.015) in total grants among community health centers in expansion states compared with centers in non-expansion states. On the expenditure side, we found a large but not statistically significant $0.98 million relative increase (p = 0.201) in total expenditures among centers in expansion states. Uncompensated care for health centers in expansion states decreased by $1.19 million (p < 0.001) relative to their counterparts in non-expansion states.ConclusionsCommunity health centers in expansion states benefited from the increased, stable revenue stream from Medicaid expansions. While Medicaid revenue increased as a result of the policy, we find no major evidence of substitution away from other revenue lines, with one notable exception (i.e., substitution away from state and local government grants). From a policy perspective, these results are encouraging as the Biden Administration starts to implement the safety-net enhancements from the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 and as more non-expansion states are considering opting into Medicaid expansions. It is anticipated that these added revenue streams will help to sustain health centers in the delivery of health care services to the underserved population.

Dataset Information

Increasing multi-hazard climate risk and financial and health impacts on northern homeowners.

Publications

Increasing multi-hazard climate risk and financial and health impacts on northern homeowners.

Similar Datasets

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