C²-methyladenosine in tRNA promotes protein translation by facilitating the decoding of tandem m²A-tRNA-dependent codons.

ABSTRACT: RNA modification C²-methyladenosine (m²A) exists in both rRNA and tRNA of Escherichia coli (E. coli), installed by the methyltransferase RlmN using a radical-S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) mechanism. However, the precise function of m²A in tRNA and its ubiquity in plants have remained unclear. Here we discover the presence of m²A in chloroplast rRNA and tRNA, as well as cytosolic tRNA, in multiple plant species. We identify six m²A-modified chloroplast tRNAs and two m²A-modified cytosolic tRNAs across different plants. Furthermore, we characterize three Arabidopsis m²A methyltransferases-RLMNL1, RLMNL2, and RLMNL3-which methylate chloroplast rRNA, chloroplast tRNA, and cytosolic tRNA, respectively. Our findings demons

SUBMITTER: Duan HC 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10838301 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature