Causal relationship of cereal intake and type with cardiovascular disease: a Mendelian randomization study.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Observational studies have suggested that cereal consumption is associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the potential causal relationship is not clear. We aimed to investigate the association of cereal intake and cereal type with CVD risk.

Methods

Two-step Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed to confirm the causal association of cereal intake and cereal type with the risk of several common CVDs. Furthermore, two-step MR analysis was used to explore the mediating effect of cardiovascular metabolic factors, and multivariable MR analysis was used to assess the impact of socioeconomic status, such as education and income, on the causal association.

Results

The MR analysis indicated that genetically predicted cerea

SUBMITTER: Liu J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10844472 | biostudies-literature | 2023

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature