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Introduction of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes carrying wAlbB Wolbachia sharply decreases dengue incidence in disease hotspots.

ABSTRACT: Partial replacement of resident Aedes aegypti mosquitoes with introduced mosquitoes carrying certain strains of inherited Wolbachia symbionts can result in transmission blocking of dengue and other viruses of public health importance. Wolbachia strain wAlbB is an effective transmission blocker and stable at high temperatures, making it particularly suitable for hot tropical climates. Following trial field releases in Malaysia, releases using wAlbB Ae. aegypti have become operationalized by the Malaysian health authorities. We report here on an average reduction in dengue fever of 62.4% (confidence intervals 50-71%) in 20 releases sites when compared to 76 control sites in high-rise residential areas. Importantly the level of dengue reduction increased with Wolbachia frequency, with 75.8% reduction (61-87%) estimated at 100% Wolbachia frequency. These findings indicate large impacts of wAlbB Wolbachia invasions on dengue fever incidence in an operational setting, with incidence expected to further decrease as wider areas are invaded.

SUBMITTER: Hoffmann AA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10847733 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Introduction of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes carrying wAlbB Wolbachia sharply decreases dengue incidence in disease hotspots.

Hoffmann Ary A AA Ahmad Nazni Wasi NW Keong Wan Ming WM Ling Cheong Yoon CY Ahmad Noor Afizah NA Golding Nick N Tierney Nicholas N Jelip Jenarun J Putit Perada Wilson PW Mokhtar Norhayati N Sandhu Sukhvinder Singh SS Ming Lau Sai LS Khairuddin Khadijah K Denim Kamilan K Rosli Norazman Mohd NM Shahar Hanipah H Omar Topek T Ridhuan Ghazali Muhammad Kamarul MK Aqmar Mohd Zabari Nur Zatil NZ Abdul Karim Mohd Arif MA Saidin Mohamad Irwan MI Mohd Nasir Muhammad Nizam MN Aris Tahir T Sinkins Steven P SP

iScience 20240118 2

Partial replacement of resident Aedes aegypti mosquitoes with introduced mosquitoes carrying certain strains of inherited Wolbachia symbionts can result in transmission blocking of dengue and other viruses of public health importance. Wolbachia strain wAlbB is an effective transmission blocker and stable at high temperatures, making it particularly suitable for hot tropical climates. Following trial field releases in Malaysia, releases using wAlbB Ae. aegypt ...[more]

PMID: 38327789

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Project description:Aedes mosquitoes harboring intracellular Wolbachia bacteria are being released in arbovirus and mosquito control programs. With releases taking place around the world, understanding the contribution of host variation to Wolbachia phenotype is crucial. We generated a Wolbachia transinfection (wAlbBQ) in Aedes aegypti and performed backcrossing to introduce the infection into Australian or Malaysian nuclear backgrounds. Whole Wolbachia genome sequencing shows that the wAlbBQ transinfection is nearly identical to the reference wAlbB genome, suggesting few changes since the infection was first introduced to A. aegypti over 15 years ago. However, these sequences were distinct from other available wAlbB genome sequences, highlighting the potential diversity of wAlbB in natural Aedes albopictus populations. Phenotypic comparisons demonstrate the effects of wAlbB infection on egg hatching and nuclear background on fecundity and body size but no interactions between wAlbB infection and nuclear background for any trait. The wAlbB infection was stable at high temperatures and showed perfect maternal transmission and cytoplasmic incompatibility regardless of the host background. Our results demonstrate the stability of wAlbB across host backgrounds and point to its long-term effectiveness for controlling arbovirus transmission and mosquito populations. IMPORTANCE Wolbachia bacteria are being used to control the transmission of dengue virus and other arboviruses by mosquitoes. For Wolbachia release programs to be effective globally, Wolbachia infections must be stable across mosquito populations from different locations. In this study, we transferred Wolbachia (strain wAlbB) to Aedes aegypti mosquitoes with an Australian genotype and introduced the infection to Malaysian mosquitoes through backcrossing. We found that the phenotypic effects of Wolbachia are stable across both mosquito backgrounds. We sequenced the genome of wAlbB and found very few genetic changes despite spending over 15 years in a novel mosquito host. Our results suggest that the effects of Wolbachia infections are likely to remain stable across time and host genotype.

Dataset Information

Introduction of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes carrying wAlbB Wolbachia sharply decreases dengue incidence in disease hotspots.

Publications

Introduction of <i>Aedes aegypti</i> mosquitoes carrying <i>w</i>AlbB <i>Wolbachia</i> sharply decreases dengue incidence in disease hotspots.

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Dataset Information

Introduction of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes carrying wAlbB Wolbachia sharply decreases dengue incidence in disease hotspots.

Publications

Introduction of &lt;i&gt;Aedes aegypti&lt;/i&gt; mosquitoes carrying &lt;i&gt;w&lt;/i&gt;AlbB &lt;i&gt;Wolbachia&lt;/i&gt; sharply decreases dengue incidence in disease hotspots.

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OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

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Introduction of <i>Aedes aegypti</i> mosquitoes carrying <i>w</i>AlbB <i>Wolbachia</i> sharply decreases dengue incidence in disease hotspots.