Sustained hyperglycemia specifically targets translation of mRNAs for insulin secretion.

ABSTRACT: Pancreatic β cells are specialized for coupling glucose metabolism to insulin peptide production and secretion. Acute glucose exposure robustly and coordinately increases translation of proinsulin and proteins required for secretion of mature insulin peptide. By contrast, chronically elevated glucose levels that occur during diabetes impair β cell insulin secretion and have been shown experimentally to suppress insulin translation. Whether translation of other genes critical for insulin secretion is similarly downregulated by chronic high glucose is unknown. Here, we used high-throughput ribosome profiling and nascent proteomics in MIN6 insulinoma cells to elucidate the genome-wide impact of sustained high glucose on β cell mRNA translation. Before induction of ER stress or suppression of

SUBMITTER: Cheruiyot A 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10849759 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature