Dataset Information

Cryptococcus neoformans Infections Differ Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-Seropositive and HIV-Seronegative Individuals: Results From a Nationwide Surveillance Program in France.

ABSTRACT: Among 1107 cryptococcosis cases from the French surveillance network (2005-2020), the proportion of HIV-seronegative individuals has recently surpassed that of HIV-seropositive individuals. We observed marked differences in patient characteristics, disease presentations, cryptococcal antigen results, infecting species, and mortality according to HIV serostatus.

SUBMITTER: Paccoud O

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10854213 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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<i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i> Infections Differ Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-Seropositive and HIV-Seronegative Individuals: Results From a Nationwide Surveillance Program in France.

Paccoud Olivier O Desnos-Ollivier Marie M Cassaing Sophie S Boukris-Sitbon Karine K Alanio Alexandre A Bellanger Anne-Pauline AP Bonnal Christine C Bonhomme Julie J Botterel Françoise F Bougnoux Marie-Elisabeth ME Brun Sophie S Chouaki Taieb T Cornet Muriel M Dannaoui Eric E Demar Magalie M Desbois-Nogard Nicole N Durieux Marie-Fleur MF Favennec Loïc L Fekkar Arnaud A Gabriel Frederic F Gangneux Jean-Pierre JP Guitard Juliette J Hasseine Lilia L Huguenin Antoine A Le Gal Solène S Letscher-Bru Valérie V Mahinc Caroline C Morio Florent F Nicolas Muriel M Rouges Célia C Cateau Estelle E Persat Florence F Poirier Philippe P Ranque Stéphane S Roosen Gabrielle G Roux Anne-Laure AL Sasso Milène M Lortholary Olivier O Lanternier Fanny F

Open forum infectious diseases 20231222 2

Among 1107 cryptococcosis cases from the French surveillance network (2005-2020), the proportion of HIV-seronegative individuals has recently surpassed that of HIV-seropositive individuals. We observed marked differences in patient characteristics, disease presentations, cryptococcal antigen results, infecting species, and mortality according to HIV serostatus. ...[more]

PMID: 38344129

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Project description:Diarrheal diseases (DD) have distinct etiological profiles in immune-deficient and immune-competent patients. This study compares detection rates, genotype distribution and viral loads of different enteric viral agents in HIV-1 seropositive (n = 200) and HIV-1 seronegative (n = 125) children hospitalized with DD in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Except for group A rotavirus (RVA), which were detected through enzyme immunoassay, the other enteric viruses (norovirus [NoV], astrovirus [HAstV], adenovirus [HAdV] and bocavirus [HBoV]) were detected through PCR or RT-PCR. A quantitative PCR was performed for RVA, NoV, HAstV, HAdV and HBoV. Infections with NoV (19% vs. 9.6%; p<0.001), HBoV (14% vs. 7.2%; p = 0.042) and HAdV (30.5% vs. 14.4%; p<0.001) were significantly more frequent among HIV-1 seropositive children. RVA was significantly less frequent among HIV-1 seropositive patients (6.5% vs. 20%; p<0.001). Similarly, frequency of infection with HAstV was lower among HIV-1 seropositive children (5.5% vs. 12.8%; p = 0.018). Among HIV-1 seropositive children 33 (16.5%) had co-infections, including three enteric viruses, such as NoV, HBoV and HAdV (n = 2) and NoV, HAstV and HAdV (n = 2). The frequency of infection with more than one virus was 17 (13.6%) in the HIV-1 negative group, triple infection (NoV + HAstV + HBoV) being observed in only one patient. The median viral load of HAstV in feces was significantly higher among HIV-1 positive children compared to HIV-1 negative children. Concerning children infected with RVA, NoV, HBoV and HAdV, no statistically significant differences were observed in the medians of viral loads in feces, comparing HIV-1 seropositive and HIV-1 seronegative children. Similar detection rates were observed for RVA, HAstV and HAdV, whilst NoV and HBoV were significantly more prevalent among children with CD4+ T lymphocyte count below 200 cells/mm3. Enteric viruses should be considered an important cause of DD in HIV-1 seropositive children, along with pathogens more classically associated with intestinal infections in immunocompromised hosts.

Dataset Information

Cryptococcus neoformans Infections Differ Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-Seropositive and HIV-Seronegative Individuals: Results From a Nationwide Surveillance Program in France.

Publications

<i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i> Infections Differ Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-Seropositive and HIV-Seronegative Individuals: Results From a Nationwide Surveillance Program in France.

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