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The cAMP Receptor Protein (CRP) of Vibrio mimicus Regulates Its Bacterial Growth, Type II Secretion System, Flagellum Formation, Adhesion Genes, and Virulence.

ABSTRACT: Vibrio mimicus is a serious pathogen in aquatic animals, resulting in significant economic losses. The cAMP receptor protein (CRP) often acts as a central regulator in highly pathogenic pathogens. V. mimicus SCCF01 is a highly pathogenic strain isolated from yellow catfish; the crp gene deletion strain (Δcrp) was constructed by natural transformation to determine whether this deletion affects the virulence phenotypes. Their potential molecular connections were revealed by qRT-PCR analysis. Our results showed that the absence of the crp gene resulted in bacterial and colony morphological changes alongside decreases in bacterial growth, hemolytic activity, biofilm formation, enzymatic activity, motility, and cell adhesion. A cell cytotoxicity assay and animal experiments confirmed that crp contributes to V. mimicus pathogenicity, as the LD₅₀ of the Δcrp strain was 73.1-fold lower compared to the WT strain. Moreover, qRT-PCR analysis revealed the inhibition of type II secretion system genes, flagellum genes, adhesion genes, and metalloproteinase genes in the deletion strain. This resulted in the virulence phenotype differences described above. Together, these data demonstrate that the crp gene plays a core regulatory role in V. mimicus virulence and pathogenicity.

SUBMITTER: Tian Z

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10854923 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The cAMP Receptor Protein (CRP) of Vibrio mimicus Regulates Its Bacterial Growth, Type II Secretion System, Flagellum Formation, Adhesion Genes, and Virulence.

Tian Ziqi Z Xiang Fei F Peng Kun K Qin Zhenyang Z Feng Yang Y Huang Bowen B Ouyang Ping P Huang Xiaoli X Chen Defang D Lai Weimin W Geng Yi Y

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI 20240129 3

Vibrio mimicus is a serious pathogen in aquatic animals, resulting in significant economic losses. The cAMP receptor protein (CRP) often acts as a central regulator in highly pathogenic pathogens. V. mimicus SCCF01 is a highly pathogenic strain isolated from yellow catfish; the crp gene deletion strain (Δcrp) was constructed by natural transformation to determine whether this deletion affects the virulence phenotypes. Their potential molecular connections were reveale ...[more]

PMID: 38338079

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Project description:BackgroundVirulence determinants are crucial to the risk assessment of pathogens in an environment. This study investigated the presence of eleven key virulence-associated genes in Vibrio cholerae (n = 111) and Vibrio mimicus (n = 22) and eight virulence determinants in Vibrio alginolyticus (n = 65) and Vibrio parahaemolyticus (n = 17) isolated from six important water resources in Eastern Cape, South Africa, using PCR techniques. The multiple virulence gene indexes (MVGI) for sampling sites and isolates as well as hotspots for potential vibriosis outbreaks among sampling sites were determined statistically based on the comparison of MVGI.ResultThe PCR assay showed that all the V. cholerae isolates belong to non-O1/non-O139 serogroups. Of the isolates, Vibrio Cholera (84%), V. mimicus (73%), V. alginolyticus (91%) and V. parahaemolyticus (100%) isolates harboured at least one of the virulence-associated genes investigated. The virulence gene combinations detected in isolates varied at sampling site and across sites. Typical virulence-associated determinants of V. cholerae were detected in V. mimicus while that of V. parahaemolyticus were detected in V. alginolyticus. The isolates with the highest MVGI were recovered from three estuaries (Sunday river, Swartkopps river, buffalo river) and a freshwater resource (Lashinton river). The cumulative MVGI for V. cholerae, V. mimicus, V. alginolyticus and V. parahaemolyticus isolates were 0.34, 0.20, 0.45, and 0.40 respectively. The targeted Vibrio spp. in increasing order of the public health risk posed in our study areas based on the MVGI is V. alginolyticus > V. parahaemolyticus > V. cholerae > V. mimicus. Five (sites SR, PA5, PA6, EL4 and EL6) out of the seventeen sampling sites were detected as the hotspots for potential cholera-like infection and vibriosis outbreaks.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that humans having contact with water resources in our study areas are exposed to potential public health risks owing to the detection of virulent determinants in human pathogenic Vibrio spp. recovered from the water resources. The study affirms the relevancy of environmental Vibrio species to the epidemiology of vibriosis, cholera and cholera-like infections. Hence we suggest a monitoring program for human pathogenic Vibrio spp. in the environment most especially surface water that humans have contact with regularly.

Project description:UnlabelledThe presence of the Lon protease in all three domains of life hints at its biological importance. The prokaryotic Lon protease is responsible not only for degrading abnormal proteins but also for carrying out the proteolytic regulation of specific protein targets. Posttranslational regulation by Lon is known to affect a variety of physiological traits in many bacteria, including biofilm formation, motility, and virulence. Here, we identify the regulatory roles of LonA in the human pathogen Vibrio cholerae. We determined that the absence of LonA adversely affects biofilm formation, increases swimming motility, and influences intracellular levels of cyclic diguanylate. Whole-genome expression analysis revealed that the message abundance of genes involved in biofilm formation was decreased but that the message abundances of those involved in virulence and the type VI secretion system were increased in a lonA mutant compared to the wild type. We further demonstrated that a lonA mutant displays an increase in type VI secretion system activity and is markedly defective in colonization of the infant mouse. These findings suggest that LonA plays a critical role in the environmental survival and virulence of V. cholerae.ImportanceBacteria utilize intracellular proteases to degrade damaged proteins and adapt to changing environments. The Lon protease has been shown to be important for environmental adaptation and plays a crucial role in regulating the motility, biofilm formation, and virulence of numerous plant and animal pathogens. We find that LonA of the human pathogen V. cholerae is in line with this trend, as the deletion of LonA leads to hypermotility and defects in both biofilm formation and colonization of the infant mouse. In addition, we show that LonA regulates levels of cyclic diguanylate and the type VI secretion system. Our observations add to the known regulatory repertoire of the Lon protease and the current understanding of V. cholerae physiology.

Dataset Information

The cAMP Receptor Protein (CRP) of Vibrio mimicus Regulates Its Bacterial Growth, Type II Secretion System, Flagellum Formation, Adhesion Genes, and Virulence.

Publications

The cAMP Receptor Protein (CRP) of <i>Vibrio mimicus</i> Regulates Its Bacterial Growth, Type II Secretion System, Flagellum Formation, Adhesion Genes, and Virulence.

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