Association of dietary carbohydrate and fiber ratio with postmenopausal bone mineral density and prevalence of osteoporosis: A cross-sectional study
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SUBMITTER: Zhang L
PROVIDER: S-EPMC10866481 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Jan
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:Denosumab, a human monoclonal antibody, acts against the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand and is a promising antiresorptive agent in patients with osteoporosis. This study aimed to update the efficacy and safety of denosumab vs. placebo in osteoporosis or low bone mineral density (BMD) postmenopausal women. PubMed, Embase, Cochrane library, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reporting the efficacy and safety data of denosumab vs. placebo in osteoporosis or low BMD postmenopausal women. A random-effects model was used to calculate pooled weight mean differences (WMDs) or relative risks (RRs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for treatment effectiveness of denosumab vs. placebo. Eleven RCTs including 12,013 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis or low BMD were preferred for the final meta-analysis. The summary results indicated that the percentage change of BMD in the denosumab group was greater than that of BMD in placebo at 1/3 radius (WMD: 3.43; 95%CI: 3.24-3.62; p < 0.001), femoral neck (WMD: 3.05; 95%CI: 1.78-4.33; p < 0.001), lumbar spine (WMD: 6.25; 95%CI: 4.59-7.92; p < 0.001), total hip (WMD: 4.36; 95%CI: 4.07-4.66; p < 0.001), trochanter (WMD: 6.00; 95%CI: 5.95-6.05; p < 0.001), and total body (WMD: 3.20; 95%CI: 2.03-4.38; p < 0.001). Moreover, denosumab therapy significantly reduced the risk of clinical fractures (RR: 0.57; 95%CI: 0.51-0.63; p < 0.001), nonvertebral fracture (RR: 0.83; 95%CI: 0.70-0.97; p = 0.018), vertebral fracture (RR: 0.32; 95%CI: 0.25-0.40; p < 0.001), and hip fracture (RR: 0.61; 95%CI: 0.37-0.98; p = 0.042). Finally, denosumab did not cause excess risks of adverse events. These findings suggested that postmenopausal women receiving denosumab had increased BMDs and reduced fractures at various sites without inducing any adverse events.
| S-EPMC8080120 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveDespite the fact that China amounts to one-fifth of the world's population, has a higher proportion of the elderly, and has a higher prevalence of osteoporosis and fracture, limited studies have investigated the association between dietary patterns and bone mineral density (BMD) as well as fracture risk among the elderly Chinese population. We aimed to investigate the association between different dietary patterns and BMD as well as the risk of fractures, and this association may vary between elderly women and men.MethodsBuilding upon the China Osteoporosis Prevalence Study, we included 17,489 subjects aged ≥40 years old randomly sampled across 44 counties/districts of 11 provinces or municipalities in China who completed a food frequency questionnaire. BMD was measured by dual x-ray absorptiometry. Vertebral fracture was defined based on lateral spine radiographs using the semi-quantitative technique of Genant.ResultsA diet rich in "carnivorous", "vegetarian", "dairy, fruit, and egg" was significantly associated with higher BMD at total hip (TH), femoral neck (FN), and lumbar spine 1-4 (L1-4). Yet, a diet rich in "beverage and fried food" was associated with a lower BMD at the FN and L1-4. High quartiles of the carnivorous diet were associated with 34%-39% reduced risk of clinical fracture in the past 5 years and vertebral fracture. Stronger associations were observed among women. Sensitivity analysis among postmenopausal women presented even stronger positive associations between carnivorous and vegetarian diets and high BMD, as well as between carnivorous diet and reduced risk of fractures.ConclusionsOur study suggested that a diet rich in meat, vegetables, and dairy, fruit, and eggs might be associated with greater BMD and a lower fracture risk, while beverage and fried foods may be associated with a lower BMD at L1-4, especially among elderly women. These findings are relevant to provide recommendations on dietary nutrition regarding the elderly population at high risk of osteoporosis and fractures, especially postmenopausal women.
| S-EPMC11199729 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Reduced bone mineral density (BMD) is associated with an altered microbiota in senile osteoporosis. However, the relationship among gut microbiota, BMD and bone metabolic indexes remains unknown in postmenopausal osteoporosis. In this study, fecal microbiota profiles for 106 postmenopausal individuals with osteopenia (n=33) or osteoporosis (n=42) or with normal BMD (n=31) were determined. An integrated 16S rRNA gene sequencing and LC-MS-based metabolomics approach was applied to explore the association of estrogen-reduced osteoporosis with the gut microbiota and fecal metabolic phenotype. Adjustments were made using several statistical models for potential confounding variables identified from the literature. The results demonstrated decreased bacterial richness and diversity in postmenopausal osteoporosis. Additionally, showed significant differences in abundance levels among phyla and genera in the gut microbial community were found. Moreover, postmenopausal osteopenia-enriched N-acetylmannosamine correlated negatively with BMD, and distinguishing metabolites were closely associated with gut bacterial variation. Both serum procollagen type I N propeptide (P1NP) and C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX-1) correlated positively with osteopenia-enriched Allisonella, Klebsiella and Megasphaera. However, we did not find a significant correlation between bacterial diversity and estrogen. These observations will lead to a better understanding of the relationship between bone homeostasis and the microbiota in postmenopausal osteoporosis.
| S-EPMC7244073 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PurposeWrist fractures are common, contribute significantly to morbidity in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis, and occur predominantly at the ultradistal radius, a site rich in trabecular bone. This exploratory analysis of the phase 3 ACTIVE study evaluated effects of abaloparatide versus placebo and teriparatide on forearm bone mineral density (BMD) and risk of wrist fracture.MethodsForearm BMD was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry in a subset of 982 women from ACTIVE, evenly distributed across the three treatment groups. Wrist fractures were ascertained in the total cohort (N = 2463).ResultsAfter 18 months, ultradistal radius BMD changes from baseline were 2.25 percentage points greater for abaloparatide compared with placebo (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.38, 3.12, p < 0.001) and 1.54 percentage points greater for abaloparatide compared with teriparatide (95% CI 0.64, 2.45, p < 0.001). At 18 months, 1/3 radius BMD losses (versus baseline) were similar for abaloparatide compared with placebo (-0.42; 95% CI -1.03, 0.20; p = 0.19) but losses with teriparatide exceeded those of placebo (-1.66%; 95% CI -2.27, -1.06; p < 0.001). The decline with abaloparatide was less than that seen with teriparatide (group difference 1.22%; 95% CI 0.57, 1.87; p < 0.001). The radius BMD findings, at both ultradistal and 1/3 sites, are consistent with the numerically lower incidence of wrist fractures observed in women treated with abaloparatide compared with teriparatide (HR = 0.43; 95% CI 0.18, 1.03; p = 0.052) and placebo (HR = 0.49, 95% CI 0.20, 1.19, p = 0.11).ConclusionsCompared with teriparatide, abaloparatide increased BMD at the ultradistal radius (primarily trabecular bone) and decreased BMD to a lesser extent at the 1/3 radius (primarily cortical bone), likely contributing to the numerically lower wrist fracture incidence observed with abaloparatide.
| S-EPMC6546661 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Osteoporosis is a multifactorial disease in which genetic determinants are modulated by hormonal, environmental and nutritional factors. An important clinical risk factor in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis is the presence of genetics polymorphism in/around susceptibility genes/regions. This study explored whether the region of 4q22.1, which confers risk of developing osteoporosis in some populations, associated with bone mineral density and osteoporosis susceptibility in postmenopausal women of Han Chinese. We investigated 32 SNPs with minor allele frequencies ?0.05 between 20 kb upstream and 20 kb downstream (40 kb window) of rs6532023, mapping in the 4q22.1 region, which was reported to be significantly associated with osteoporosis in previous studies. We found that rs6532023 was significantly associated with bone mineral density and osteoporosis (corrected p?=?0.015) in our sample, including 440 cases and 640 controls, and allele G was supposed as a risk factor while T worked as a protective factor. Further genotype association analyses suggested a similar pattern (corrected p?=?0.040). Additionally, analyses by haplotypes indicated that a haplotype block rs7683315-rs6532023-rs1471400-rs1471403 in the region associated with bone mineral density and osteoporosis (global p?=?0.032), and risk haplotype A-G-G-C had almost 1.5-fold increased in the cases. To our knowledge, this is the first report to examine 4q22.1 region polymorphisms and osteoporosis in Han Chinese. Our results provide further evidence for an effect of the region of 4q22.1 on the etiology of osteoporosis and suggest that 4q22.1 may be a genetic risk factor for bone mineral density and osteoporosis.
| S-EPMC3836996 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundThe study investigated the associations of rs9340799:A > G (XbaI) and rs2234693:T > C (PvuII) polymorphisms in the estrogen receptor 1 gene (ESR1) with femoral neck (BMD-FN) and lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD-LS), biochemical markers of bone turnover, calcium and phosphate levels, fracture prevalence, and a response to two types of anti-osteoporotic therapy in postmenopausal women from southern Slovakia.MethodsWe analysed 343 postmenopausal Slovak women (62.40 ± 0.46 years). The influence of rs9340799 (AA vs. AG + GG) and rs2234693 (TT vs. TC + CC) genotypes on BMD and biochemical markers was evaluated by covariance analysis adjusted for age and BMI. Binary logistic regression was used to evaluate the genotype effect on fracture prevalence. Pharmacogenetic part of the study included women who received a regular therapy of HT (17ß estradiol with progesterone; 1 mg/day for both; N = 76) or SERMs/raloxifene (60 mg/day; N = 64) during 48 months. The genotype-based BMD change was assessed by variance analysis for repeated measurements.ResultsWomen with AA genotype of rs9340799 had higher BMD-FN (+ 0.12 ± 0.57 of T-score) and BMD-LS (+ 0.17 ± 0.08 of T-score) in comparison with AG + GG. The rs2234693 polymorphism did not affect any of the monitored parameters. No effect of any ESR1 polymorphisms was found on fracture prevalence. Both types of anti-osteoporotic therapy had a positive effect on BMD improvement in FN and LS sites. Considering the effect of the ESR1 gene within the HT, the subjects with rs9340799/AA genotype showed worse response than those with GG genotype (- 0.26 ± 0.10 of BMD-FN T-score; - 0.35 ± 0.10 of BMD-LS T-score) and also with AG genotype (- 0.22 ± 0.08 of BMD-LS T-score). The rs2234693/TT genotype responded poorer in BMD-LS in comparison with TC (- 0.22 ± 0.08 of T-score) and CC (- 0.35 ± 0.09 of T-score). The effect of the ESR1 gene on raloxifene therapy was reported only in BMD-LS. Subjects with rs9340799/AA genotype had a - 0.30 ± 0.11 of T-score worse response compared to AG genotype. The rs2234693/TT genotype showed - 0.39 ± 0.11 and - 0.46 ± 0.15 lower T-scores in comparison with TC and CC genotypes, respectively.ConclusionsThe rs9340799 polymorphism may contribute to decreased BMD in postmenopausal women from southern Slovakia; however, this is not related to higher fracture prevalence. Concurrently, both polymorphisms affected a response to analysed anti-osteoporotic therapies.
| S-EPMC6150952 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) is a major global public health concern and older women are more susceptible to experiencing fragility fractures. Our study investigated the associations between circulating proteins with bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women with or without low BMD (osteoporosis and osteopenia) using a tandem mass tag (TMT) labeling proteomic experiment and parallel reaction monitoring testing. Across all plasma samples, we quantitatively measured 1,092 proteins, and the OP and normal control (NC) samples were differentiated by principal component analysis and a partial least squares-discrimination analysis model based on the protein profiling data. The differentially abundant proteins between the low BMD and NC samples mostly exhibited binding, molecular function regulator, transporter and molecular transducer activity, and were involved in metabolic and cellular processes, stimulus response, biological regulation, immune system processes and so forth. TMT analysis and RRM validation indicated that the expression of protein Lysozyme C (P61626) was negatively related to BMD, while the expression of proteins Glucosidase (A0A024R592) and Protein disulfideisomerase A5 (Q14554) was positively related to BMD values. Collectively, our results suggest that postmenopausal women with low BMD have a different proteomic profile or signature. Protein alterations may play an important role in the pathogenesis of PMOP, and they may act as novel biomarkers and targets of therapeutic agents for this disease.
| S-EPMC7164430 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO) is the most common bone disorder in elderly Chinese women. Although genetic factors have been shown to have a pivotal role in PMO, studies on genetic loci associated with PMO in Chinese individuals are still lacking. We aimed to identify SNPs that contribute to PMO in Chinese individuals by conducting a genome-wide association study (GWAS). Bone mineral density (BMD) of postmenopausal Chinese women was assessed. Participants with T-score < -2.5 standard deviations (n = 341) were recruited and divided into a discovery group (n = 150) and a replication group (n = 191). GWAS was performed, with T-score as the quantitative trait, using linear regression. Our results revealed that an SNP cluster upstream of RREB1 showed a trend of association with BMD in Chinese PMO patients. The leading SNP of the cluster was rs475011 (p combined = 1.15 × 10-6, beta = 0.51), which is a splicing quantitative trait locus (sQTL) of RREB1. This association was further supported by data from the UK Biobank (UKBB; p = 9.56 × 10-12). The high BMD-associated allele G of rs475011 is related to a high intron excision ratio. This SNP may increase BMD by upregulating mature RREB1 mRNA, based on data from the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) database. We identified BMD-associated SNPs that regulate RREB1 in Chinese PMO patients. Future functional experiments are needed to further link rs475011, RREB1, and PMO in Chinese individuals.
| S-EPMC8637614 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundThe impact of dietary carbohydrate intake on bone health remains a subject of controversy, potentially influenced by individuals with diabetic osteoporosis who exhibit normal or elevated bone mineral density (BMD). The cross-sectional study was conducted to explore the association between carbohydrate intake and BMD, osteoporosis and fractures among adults without diabetes, based on the National health and nutrition examination survey (NHANES).MethodsParticipants were from the NHANES 2005-2010, excluding individuals with diabetes and those with incomplete data. The association between carbohydrate intake and BMD was analyzed using Spearman correlation, linear regression analysis and subgroup analysis, respectively. The association between carbohydrate intake and osteoporosis/fractures was analyzed using weighted logistic regression analysis.ResultsA total of 7275 adult participants were included and their dietary carbohydrate intake was inversely associated with BMD in the total femur [β = -0.20 95%CI (-0.30, -0.10); p < 0.001], femoral neck [β = -0.10 95%CI (-0.20, -0.00); p = 0.002], and lumbar spine [β = -0.10 95%CI (-0.20, -0.00); p = 0.004]. Stratified analysis indicated that individuals aged 65 and over, women, and non-Hispanic whites were more likely to have lower BMD. Furthermore, a higher intake of dietary carbohydrates was associated with an increased risk of osteoporosis [OR = 1.001 95%CI (1.001, 1.001); p < 0.001] and fractures at the hip [OR = 1.005 95%CI (1.005, 1.005); p < 0.001], wrist [OR = 1.001 95%CI (1.001, 1.001), p < 0.001], and spine [OR = 1.003 95%CI(1.003, 1.003); p < 0.001].ConclusionsA higher carbohydrate diet is associated with lower BMD and a higher risk of osteoporosis and fractures among adults without diabetes, and a higher carbohydrate consumption show a stronger effect in individuals aged 65 and over, women, and non-Hispanic whites.
| S-EPMC11336747 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveThe clinical efficacy of Xianling Gubao capsule (XLGB) and its combination therapy in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) was systematically evaluated by frequency-based network meta-analysis.MethodsWe searched the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang, SinoMed, PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library databases to identify clinical trials of XLGB for the treatment of PMOP from the establishment of each database to November 22, 2021. The quality of the included studies was evaluated by using the risk of bias assessment tool version 2.0 (Rob 2.0) recommended by Cochrane. Stata 14.0 was applied for statistical analysis of the data, and the surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) was used to rank the intervention measures of each outcome index.ResultsThis study included 22 clinical trials (including 19 RCTs and 3 non-RCTs) involving 12 drug therapies. According to the results of the network meta-analysis and SUCRA, the best three interventions for improving lumbar bone mineral density (BMD) are XLGB+BP+calcium (83.7%), XLGB+BP (68.5.7%) and XLGB+VD (67.1%). XLGB+calcium was the best combination regimen for improving femoral neck BMD and increasing bone Gla protein (BGP) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) contents in serum. The SUCRA values of XLGB+calcium for improving the three outcome indicators were 68.0%, 59.5% and 82.1%, respectively.ConclusionsThe results of this network meta-analysis show that combined application of XLGB can effectively improve BMD and serum BGP and ALP compared to calcium alone, VD or BP. In the future, multicenter, large-sample and double-blind clinical RCTs should be carried out to supplement and verify the results of this study.
| S-EPMC8895757 | biostudies-literature