The HN protein of Newcastle disease virus induces cell apoptosis through the induction of lysosomal membrane permeabilization.

ABSTRACT: Lysosomes are acidic organelles that mediate the degradation and recycling of cellular waste materials. Damage to lysosomes can cause lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) and trigger different types of cell death, including apoptosis. Newcastle disease virus (NDV) can naturally infect most birds. Additionally, it serves as a promising oncolytic virus known for its effective infection of tumor cells and induction of intensive apoptotic responses. However, the involvement of lysosomes in NDV-induced apoptosis remains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that NDV infection profoundly triggers LMP, leading to the translocation of cathepsin B and D and subsequent mitochondria-dependent apoptosis in various tumor and avian cells. Notably, the released cathepsin B and D exacerbate NDV-ind

SUBMITTER: Chen Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10866534 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature