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Elimination microplastic particles in brine process water for ensuring the safety of brined cabbage.

ABSTRACT: Various studies have investigated the presence of microplastics (MPs) in food and their potential hazardous impact on human health. The frequency of human exposure to MPs, particularly through the consumption of manufactured food and drinking water, is increasing. However, data regarding MP contamination in brine and brined cabbage used for the production of kimchi are limited. Here, we quantified MPs in brine process water during the production of brined cabbage. Pretreatment of the brine process water by performing a filtration step resulted in an MP-removal efficiency of 98.7-100%; 3671 ± 174 MP particles were observed in brining process water that was not filtered. A glass filter, STS filter, and Si Filter showed significant MP-removal efficiency, decreasing the number of MP particles in brining process water to 2,361, 2,775, and 3,490, respectively (p < 0.05). Our results provide data on how filtering of brine can effectively safeguard kimchi from MP contamination and e can be produced. However, to overcome the limitations of our laboratory-scale study, additional technologies should be used in the future for large-scale filtration processes.

SUBMITTER: Yoon S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10881328 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Elimination microplastic particles in brine process water for ensuring the safety of brined cabbage.

Yoon Sora S Song Hyeyeon H Dang Yun-Mi YM Ha Ji-Hyoung JH

Heliyon 20240210 4

Various studies have investigated the presence of microplastics (MPs) in food and their potential hazardous impact on human health. The frequency of human exposure to MPs, particularly through the consumption of manufactured food and drinking water, is increasing. However, data regarding MP contamination in brine and brined cabbage used for the production of kimchi are limited. Here, we quantified MPs in brine process water during the production of brined cabbage. Pretreatment of the brine proce ...[more]

PMID: 38390085

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Project description:BackgroundAdverse effects of antileishmanial drugs can affect patients' quality of life and adherence to therapy for visceral leishmaniasis (VL) and post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL). In Bangladesh, there are 26 treatment centers that manage leishmaniasis cases coming from 100 endemic upazilas (subdistricts) of 26 districts (these include VL, PKDL, treatment failure, and relapse VL and cutaneous leishmaniasis cases). This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of using focused pharmacovigilance for VL (VLPV) in Bangladesh's National Kala-azar Elimination Programme for the early detection and prevention of expected and unexpected adverse drug reactions (ADRs).MethodsThis activity has been going on since December 2014. Activity area includes secondary public hospital or Upazila health complex (UHC) in hundred sub districts and Surya Kanta Kala-azar Research Center (SKKRC) in Mymensingh District, a specialized center for management of complicated VL and PKDL cases. Communicable Disease Control (CDC) of the Directorate General of Health Services (DGHS) assigned twenty five of hundred UHCs and SKKRC (total 26) as treatment centers depending on their suitable geographical location. This was implemented for better management of VL cases with Liposomal Amphotericin B (AmBisome®) to ensure patient convenience and proper utilization of this expensive donated drug. A VLPV expert committee and a UHC VLPV team were established, an operational manual and pharmacovigilance report forms were developed, training and refresher training of health personnel took place at UHCs and at the central level, collected information such as patient data including demographics, treatment history and response, adverse events were analyzed. This report includes information for the period from December 2014 to December 2016.ResultsFrom December 2014 to December 2016, 1327 leishmaniasis patients were treated and 1066 (80%) were available for VLPV. Out of these, 57, 33, 9, and 1% were new VL, PKDL, VL relapse, and other cases, respectively. Liposomal amphotericin B was mostly used (82%) for case management, followed by miltefosine (20%) and paromomycin (3%). Out of the 1066 patients, 26% experienced ADRs. The most frequent ADR was fever (17%, 176/1066), followed by vomiting (5%, 51/1066). Thirteen serious adverse events (SAEs) (eight deaths and five unexpected SAEs) were observed. The expert committee assessed that three of the deaths and all unexpected SAEs were possibly related to treatment. Out of the five unexpected SAEs, four were miltefosine-induced ophthalmic complications and the other was an AmBisome®-induced avascular necrosis of the nasal alae. The Directorate General of the Drug Administration entered the ADRs into the World Health Organization Uppsala Monitoring Centre (WHO-UMC) VigiFlow database.ConclusionsThis study found that VLPV through NKEP is feasible and should be continued as a routine activity into the public health system of Bangladesh to ensure patient safety against anti-leishmanial drugs.

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Elimination microplastic particles in brine process water for ensuring the safety of brined cabbage.

Publications

Elimination microplastic particles in brine process water for ensuring the safety of brined cabbage.

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