Post-traumatic growth among emergency nurses after COVID-19 in Shanghai, China: a qualitative study.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT: Objectives
This study aims to investigate the post-traumatic growth of emergency nurses (ENs) in Shanghai, China, in 2022 following the COVID-19 pandemic.Design
A phenomenological qualitative research approach was employed, with 17 ENs being interviewed between July and August 2022. Data collection was conducted through semistructured, in-depth interviews, and data analysis was carried out using the Colaizzi's seven-step analysis method.Setting
A third-level hospital in Shanghai.Participants
A total of 17 ENs were interviewed through face-to-face, semistructured, in-depth interviews.Results
Three main themes and eight subthemes were extracted from the data: (a) stress, (b) restructuring and (c) growth.Conclusion
Significant stress was imposed on ENs by the Shanghai COVID-19 pandemic, but cognitive restructuring was successfully undergone by them, leading to the experience of growth. It is recommended that post-traumatic growth levels be enhanced through professional psychological counselling and tailored support measures for different stages.
SUBMITTER: Jiang J
PROVIDER: S-EPMC10882300 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Feb
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
Post-traumatic growth among emergency nurses after COVID-19 in Shanghai, China: a qualitative study.
Jiang Jinxia J Liu Yue Y Han Peng P Zhang Pengjia P Shao Haiyan H Dai Zhenjuan Z Zhuang Yugang Y
BMJ open 20240221 2
<h4>Objectives</h4>This study aims to investigate the post-traumatic growth of emergency nurses (ENs) in Shanghai, China, in 2022 following the COVID-19 pandemic.<h4>Design</h4>A phenomenological qualitative research approach was employed, with 17 ENs being interviewed between July and August 2022. Data collection was conducted through semistructured, in-depth interviews, and data analysis was carried out using the Colaizzi's seven-step analysis method.<h4>Setting</h4>A third-level hospital in S ...[more]
Similar Datasets
Project description:ObjectiveTo qualitatively explore the factors that enhance resilience among emergency nurses (ENs).DesignThis study is an exploratory qualitative investigation. Semistructured in-depth interviews were used for data collection, while qualitative content analysis was applied for data analysis.SettingA grade A tertiary hospital in Shanghai, China.ParticipantsThe study subjects comprised 17 ENs, who were selected using a purposive sampling method.ResultsThree main themes and the nine subthemes emerged from the study, that is, individual resources, including competency, personality traits and occupational benefits; family resources, including close parent-child attachment and supportive family dynamics; social resources, including peer support, organisational support, resilient leadership and popular support.ConclusionThis qualitative study explored the factors promoting resilience among ENs and provided a reference for managers to formulate future management strategies. From the perspective of positive psychology, nurses should receive comprehensive support, focusing on improving their professional accomplishment and role ability while prioritising the development of resilient leadership. These efforts are expected to drive progress and growth across the emergency care team.
| S-EPMC10936516 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Objective During the COVID-19 pandemic, nurses, especially if females and working in intensive care units or emergencies unit, were much more at risk than other health-workers categories to develop malaise and acute stress symptoms. This study aimed to examine the nurses’ post-traumatic growth and associated influencing factors during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A cross-sectional study using an online survey was conducted at Henan Provincial People’s Hospital to gather data from nurses. A set of questionnaires was used to measure the participants’ professional identity, organizational support, psychological resilience and post-traumatic growth. Univariate, correlation, and multiple linear regression analyses were used to determine significant factors influencing post-traumatic growth. A theoretical framework based on the Bayesian network was constructed to understand post-traumatic growth and its associated factors comprehensively. Results In total, 1,512 nurses participated in the study, and a moderate-to-high level of post-traumatic growth was reported. After screening, the identified variables, including psychological counseling, average daily working hours, average daily sleep duration, professional identity, organizational support, and psychological resilience, were selected to build a Bayesian network model. The results of Bayesian network showed that professional identity and psychological resilience positively affected post-traumatic growth directly, which was particularly pronounced in low- and high-scoring groups. While organizational support positively affected post-traumatic growth indirectly. Conclusion Although this study identified a moderate-to-high level of nurses’ post-traumatic growth, proactive measures to improve psychological resilience fostered by professional identity and organizational support should be prioritized by hospitals and nursing managers.
| S-EPMC10482097 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveTo investigate post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), perceived professional benefits and post-traumatic growth (PTG) status among Chinese nurses in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and to compare the differences between nurses working inside and outside Hubei.MethodsFrom February 18 to February 25, 2020, the authors constructed the questionnaire using the Questionnaire Star platform, and convenience sampling was used to distribute the questionnaire via WeChat. Nurses who worked at the hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic were the research subjects.ResultsA total of 3,419 questionnaires were received, of which 2,860 nurses were working outside Hubei Province and 559 nurses were working inside Hubei Province. Both groups were exposed to COVID-19. The results indicated that gender, job title, department, average monthly income, the number of night shifts per month, hospital classification, specialization, and previous experience with assisting during disasters were statistically significant. The t-test results showed that the difference in perceived professional benefits scores between the two groups was not statistically significant, and the differences in PTG scores and PTSD scores between the two groups were statistically significant. The chi-square test indicated that the difference in PTSD prevalence between nurses working outside and inside Hubei Province was statistically significant and that the PTSD prevalence of nurses working outside Hubei Province was higher than that of nurses working inside Hubei Province. One-way ANOVA and independent sample t-test results showed that age, job title, job assignment, length of service, average monthly income, number of night shifts per month, number of children, and the Nurses' Perceived Professional Benefits Scale (NPPBS) and post-traumatic growth inventory (PTGI) scores influenced the prevalence of PTSD. Logistic regression showed that the occurrence of PTSD was associated with average monthly income, length of service, number of children, and the PTGI and NPPBS scores.ConclusionDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, nurses working outside Hubei Province reported greater PTSD than those working inside Hubei Province. The occurrence of PTSD was related to average monthly income, length of service, number of children, and the PTGI and NPPBS scores.
| S-EPMC8841878 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background and aim of the workThe Covid-19 pandemic led to an increased demand for healthcare professionals, particularly nurses. The Piacenza Local Health Service, Northern Italy, issued several calls for tenders in order to recruit nurses and the University anticipated graduation sessions, so several new graduates nurses found themselves facing their first work experience in the middle of the pandemic emergency. It is well known that being a first-time employee causes stress, but there are few studies yet investigating the perception of newly employed nurses during the pandemic. The aim of this research is therefore to describe the experience of these nurses.MethodsA descriptive qualitative study was conducted through interviews. The research was approved by the 'Area Vasta Emilia Nord Ethics Committee.Results14 nurses were interviewed and nine themes were found. Emotions, awareness, job opportunities, professional liability, organisational aspects and relationship with the other.ConclusionsOur study shows how stress, anxiety and feelings of inadequacy characterise new nurses' entry into the workplace. Emotional support strategies, such as counselling and emergency preparedness training, could help early career professionals to cope with complex and emotionally charged clinical care situations with greater resilience.Study registrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05110859.
| S-EPMC10308466 | biostudies-literature
Project description:AimTo investigate nurses' core emergency competencies for handling the coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) and analyse the factors associated with those competencies.BackgroundCOVID-19 has become a major global public health event. Nursing staff have played an important role in COVID-19 prevention and control. Understanding their emergency competencies for handling COVID-19, and the potential disadvantages will help governments to develop targeted training policies and improve nurses' capacities in relation to pandemics and emergency preparedness.IntroductionCOVID-19 is a disastrous infectious disease, but the competencies of nurses in China to handle COVID-19 have not been well documented.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional survey on nurses from 22 provinces of China in February 2020. The scores of self-report questionnaires were used to analyse their competencies for core emergency care, and linear regression analysis was used to explore influential factors.ResultsA total of 2570 nurses participated. The study revealed that nurses had a good grasp of COVID-19 knowledge, but the majority of nurses lacked experience in isolation ward work and emergency training. We found that age, professional title, work department, major work content, total work time, disaster rescue history, emergency training and infectious disease training were associated with core emergency competencies.ConclusionsChinese nurses were qualified for handling COVID-19 but still need to strengthen the accumulation of practical experience.Implications for nursingNurses should actively participate in emergencies to strengthen their operational capacity, whether in training or actual practice.Implications for nursing/health policyManagers should improve relevant policies to ensure that nurses have more opportunities to participate in the practical training of health emergencies and explore effective training methods to improve the ability of nurses to respond to these.
| S-EPMC8242649 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background: Nurses at the frontline of caring for COVID-19 patients might experience mental health challenges and supportive coping strategies are needed to reduce their stress and burnout. The aim of this study was to identify stressors and burnout among frontline nurses caring for COVID-19 patients in Wuhan and Shanghai and to explore perceived effective morale support strategies. Method: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in March 2020 among 110 nurses from Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, who were deployed at COVID-19 units in Wuhan and Shanghai. A COVID-19 questionnaire was adapted from the previous developed "psychological impacts of SARS" questionnaire and included stressors (31 items), coping strategies (17 items), and effective support measures (16 items). Burnout was measured with the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Results: Totally, 107 (97%) nurses responded. Participants mean age was 30.28 years and 90.7% were females. Homesickness was most frequently reported as a stressor (96.3%). Seven of the 17 items related to coping strategies were undertaken by all participants. Burnout was observed in the emotional exhaustion and depersonalization subscales, with 78.5 and 92.5% of participants presenting mild levels of burnout, respectively. However, 52 (48.6%) participants experienced a severe lack of personal accomplishment. Participants with longer working hours in COVID-19 quarantine units presented higher emotional exhaustion (OR = 2.72, 95% CI 0.02-5.42; p = 0.049) and depersonalization (OR = 1.14, 95% CI 0.10-2.19; p = 0.033). Participants with younger age experienced higher emotional exhaustion (OR = 2.96, 95% CI 0.11-5.82; p = 0.042) and less personal accomplishment (OR = 3.80, 95% CI 0.47-7.13; p = 0.033). Conclusions: Nurses in this study experienced considerable stress and the most frequently reported stressors were related to families. Nurses who were younger and those working longer shift-time tended to present higher burnout levels. Psychological support strategies need to be organized and implemented to improve mental health among nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic.
| S-EPMC7649755 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The COVID-19 pandemic evokes high levels of post-traumatic stress (PTS) in some people as well as positive personal changes, a phenomenon known as post-traumatic growth (PTG). Experiencing an adverse event as traumatic is crucial for triggering PTG, therefore higher PTS is often associated with higher PTG. This longitudinal study examined the protective role of psychological flexibility in fostering PTG in a group of people reporting high PTS related to COVID-19 as compared to those with low PTS. We hypothesized that higher psychological flexibility will be associated with higher PTG in those with high PTS and that psychological flexibility would be unrelated to PTG in those with low PTS. Secondary data analysis was conducted on data from a larger project investigating the psychological impacts of COVID-19. Adult Italians (N = 382) completed online surveys at Time 1 (three months after the first national lockdown, July 2020) and Time 2 (three months later when the number of COVID-19 cases increased, October 2020). Based on the Impact of Event Scale-Revised cut-off score, two PTS groups were identified at Time 2: low PTS (below cut-off) and high PTS (above cut-off). As predicted, moderation analyses showed that after controlling for Time 1 PTS and PTG and confounding variables, Time 1 psychological flexibility was associated with higher Time 2 PTG in the high PTS group, whereas psychological flexibility was unrelated to PTG in the low PTS group. Four psychological flexibility sub-processes (present moment awareness, defusion, values, committed action) at Time 1 were related to higher Time 2 PTG in only the high PTS group. Findings advance understanding of the role of psychological flexibility in trauma reactions and pandemic mental health adjustment. Evidence-based approaches that target psychological flexibility, like Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, are likely to foster PTG and ultimately adjustment in people with high PTS during and after the pandemic.
| S-EPMC9420208 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Objectives This study aims to clarify the profiles of the psychological antecedents of vaccine hesitancy among Shanghai nurses with a person-centered approach. Methods A population-based cross-sectional online survey was conducted on Shanghai nurses from July to August 2021 (N = 1,928). In the online survey, participants were asked to report their sociodemographic, the 5C vaccine hesitancy components, their knowledge level of COVID-19 vaccine and vaccination, and the COVID-19 vaccination uptake intention and attention to vaccine news. Latent profile analysis was used to reveal distinct profiles of vaccine hesitancy. Results The results revealed four profiles, including “believers” (68.9%; high confidence and collective responsibility), “free riders” (12.7%; similar characteristics to believers, except for a low collective responsibility), “middlemen” (14.6%; middle in all 5C constructs), and “contradictors” (3.7%; high in all 5C constructs). Compared to believers, middlemen were younger, more likely to be female, childless, less educated, held lower professional titles, had fewer years of nursing service, sometimes or never complied with recommended vaccinations, had satisfactory or poor self-assessed health status, had no work experience during the COVID-19 epidemic, and possessed greater levels of knowledge. Free riders were more likely to work in community health centers and have a lower degree than believers. Contradictors were more likely to work in community health centers, had junior college degrees or lower, and had no work experience during the COVID-19 epidemic than believers. From the highest to the lowest on vaccination intention and attention to vaccine news were believers, then free riders, contradictors, and finally middlemen. Conclusion This study could aid in the development of personalized vaccination strategies based on nurses' vaccine hesitancy profiles and predictors. In addition to vaccine believers, we identified other three profiles based on their 5C psychological antecedents, emphasizing the significance of establishing tailored vaccination campaigns. Further research into the prevalence of profile structure in other groups of healthcare workers is required.
| S-EPMC9515966 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The COVID-19 pandemic was an unprecedented event that further stimulated the debate on the concept of trauma. To increase knowledge about the traumatic potential of the pandemic, the main objective of this study was to identify, through a systematic literature review, the main factors associated with the adaptive outcome of post-traumatic growth caused by COVID-19. Studies were selected from the PsychInfo, Embase, and PubMed databases, and 29 articles were included at the end of the screening process. The identified factors are of different natures, including personal variables such as personality traits, coping, and cognitive strategies used to face adversity, and interpersonal variables, one of the most important of which is the level of social support. In addition, several results confirmed a relationship between post-traumatic growth and post-traumatic stress symptoms, as well as indices related to psychological well-being. Finally, the results are discussed by comparing them with those already present in the literature, as well as with some of the main explanatory models of post-traumatic growth. In this regard, some of the factors identified, such as maladaptive coping, avoidance symptoms, optimism, and low-stress tolerance, suggest the possibility that the process of post-traumatic growth may also be characterized by an illusory dimension.
| S-EPMC10779553 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background and objectivesPeople commonly report positive changes following stressful experiences (perceived posttraumatic growth; PPTG), yet whether PPTG validly reflects positive changes remains unestablished.Design and methodsWe tested the extent to which COVID-19 pandemic-related PPTG relates to positive changes in corresponding psychosocial resources in a national US sample participating in a five wave study (T1-T5), focusing here on T2-T5: ns = 712-860. We examined correlations between resource change (both latent and observed difference scores) and PPTG at each occasion and conducted structural equation models to separate occasion-specific and stable (traitlike) PPTG variance. We related changes in resources to occasion-specific and stable PPTG components.ResultsAssociations between change scores and occasion-specific PPTG were sparse, providing limited evidence of PPTG validity. Associations between change scores and stable PPTG tended to be positive and stronger than associations for occasion-specific PPTG.DiscussionPerceptions of growth were largely unrelated to experienced positive changes and thus appear to be largely illusory. However, a personality-like tendency to believe one grows from stressful experiences relates more strongly to actual resource growth. These results suggest that people are not accurate reporters of positive changes they experience and that interventions aimed at promoting post-traumatic growth may be premature.
| S-EPMC10314967 | biostudies-literature