Longer scans boost prediction and cut costs in brain-wide association studies.

ABSTRACT: A pervasive dilemma in brain-wide association studies (BWAS) is whether to prioritize functional MRI (fMRI) scan time or sample size. We derive a theoretical model showing that individual-level phenotypic prediction accuracy increases with sample size and total scan duration (sample size × scan time per participant). The model explains empirical prediction accuracies extremely well across 76 phenotypes from nine resting-fMRI and task-fMRI datasets (R² = 0.89), spanning a wide range of scanners, acquisitions, racial groups, disorders and ages. For scans ≤20 mins, prediction accuracy increases linearly with the logarithm of total scan duration, suggesting interchangeability of sample size and scan time. However, sample size is ultimately more important than scan time in determinin

SUBMITTER: Ooi LQR 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10889017 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature