Retraction: Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor C in renal cell carcinoma and its correlation with pathological parameters and prognosis.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Shi L
PROVIDER: S-EPMC10891383 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Jan
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Retraction: Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor C in renal cell carcinoma and its correlation with pathological parameters and prognosis.
Shi Linna L Lv Ruihua R Li Chen C Han Dong D Ren Zhanli Z Ren Ge G
Translational andrology and urology 20240123 1
[This retracts the article DOI: 10.21037/tau-20-970.]. ...[more]
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Project description:BackgroundRenal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a common malignant tumor of the urinary system. This study aimed to analyze the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C) in RCC and its relationship with pathological parameters and prognosis.MethodsThe clinical data of 68 patients who underwent surgical treatment and confirmed to be RCC by pathology from February 2012 to January 2014 were collected. The specimens of carcinoma tissues of the 68 patients were collected, among which 20 patients were collected from normal tissue specimens adjacent to the cancer more than 5 cm away from the tumor as controls. The VEGF-C expression level was detected by immunohistochemistry, and the relationship between VEGF-C expression and clinical pathological parameters and prognosis of RCC was analyzed.ResultsThe positive expression rate of VEGF-C in cancer tissues of RCC patients was significantly higher than the adjacent tissues (85.29% vs. 15.00%) (P<0.05). The positive expression rate of VEGF-C in cancer tissues of RCC patients with low-to- moderate differentiation, stage III-IV, and lymph node metastasis was higher than that of RCC patients with high differentiation, stage I-II, and no lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). The survival rates of RCC patients at 1-, 3- and 5-year follow-up were 82.35% (56/68), 54.41% (37/68), and 32.35% (22/68), and the survival time of patients with positive VEGF-C expression was shorter than patients with negative expression (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the 5-year survival rate among RCC patients according to sex or presence of muscular infiltration (P>0.05). Meanwhile, the 5-year survival rate was higher in patients with tumor diameter <5 cm, high differentiation, stage I-II, no lymph node metastasis, VEGF-C-negative expression, and aged <55 years old (P<0.05). The Cox regression model analysis showed that differentiation degree, clinical stage, lymph node metastasis, and VEGF-C expression were all independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of RCC patients (P<0.05).ConclusionsVEGF-C is highly expressed in cancer tissues of RCC patients, and is related to clinical stage, pathological differentiation, and lymph node metastasis, which maybe an effective factor of prognosis prediction.
| S-EPMC7475675 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The conclusion of the relationship between vascular endothelial growth factor gene polymorphism and renal cell carcinoma risk was inconsistent. This study was performed to assess the relationship between vascular endothelial growth factor gene polymorphism and renal cell carcinoma risk using meta-analysis. The association studies were identified from PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science, and eligible studies were included and calculated. Ten studies were included for this meta-analysis. vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) +405G > CC allele and GG genotype were associated with renal cell carcinoma risk for overall populations in this meta-analysis (C allele: odds ratio = 1.18, 95% confidence interval: 1.05-1.33, P = .004; CC genotype: odds ratio = 1.20, 95% confidence interval: 0.96-1.50, P = .12; GG genotype: odds ratio = 0.79, 95% confidence interval: 0.67-0.93, P = .004). Furthermore, VEGF +936C>T gene polymorphism and VEGF -2578 C>A gene polymorphism were associated with renal cell carcinoma risk for overall populations (+936C>T: T allele: odds ratio = 1.16, 95% confidence interval: 1.05-1.29, P = .004; TT genotype: odds ratio = 1.25, 95% confidence interval: 1.02-1.52, P = .03; CC genotype: odds ratio = 0.86, 95% confidence interval: 0.75-0.98, P = .03; -2578 C>A: A allele: odds ratio = 1.26, 95% confidence interval: 1.15-1.38, P < .00001; AA genotype: odds ratio = 1.39, 95% confidence interval: 1.16-1.67, P = .0004; CC genotype: odds ratio = 0.75, 95% confidence interval: 0.61-0.92, P = .006). However, VEGF -634G>C, VEGF -460T>C, VEGF -1154 G>A, and VEGF +1612 G>A gene polymorphisms were not associated with renal cell carcinoma risk. In conclusion, VEGF +405G>CC allele and GG genotype, VEGF +936C>T gene polymorphism, and VEGF -2578 C>A gene polymorphism were associated with renal cell carcinoma risk for overall populations. However, more studies should be performed to assess this relationship in the future.
| S-EPMC5762057 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BACKGROUND:Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene is highly polymorphic, and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of VEGF gene are associate with cancer prognosis. This study aimed to analyze the correlation of VEGF gene polymorphisms with grade and prognosis of lung cancer. METHODS:A total of 458 Chinese patients with primary lung cancer were enrolled from September 2008 to October 2013. The genotypes of -2578C?>?A, -1154G?>?A, -?460?T?>?C, and?+?405G?>?C were analyzed in white blood cells from patients using polymerase chain reaction based restriction fragment length polymorphism. RESULTS:Our data showed that -1154G?>?A polymorphism was significantly associated with tumor stages, but all four tested VEGF gene polymorphisms had no significant effect on survival. CONCLUSIONS:VEGF polymorphisms may relate to stage of lung cancer in Chinese population.
| S-EPMC7193393 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Advanced renal cell carcinoma has historically carried a poor prognosis with very limited treatment options. However, in recent years, the treatment landscape has changed drastically, with many new therapeutic options and improved survival for patients. Novel treatments consist of molecularly targeted agents against the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway as well as the immune checkpoint inhibitors, which stimulate an antitumor immune response. Recent strategy has focused on the development of combination therapy with the use of VEGF inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors in the first-line setting. As more treatments are approved and the options for therapy expand further, there is a growing need for predictive biomarkers to personalize treatment choices for individual patients. Prospective clinical trials comparing the sequencing of treatments are needed to help determine the best therapeutic approach.
| S-EPMC6856361 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Increased levels of the chemokine CCL2 in cancer patients are associated with poor prognosis. Experimental evidence suggests that CCL2 correlates with inflammatory monocyte recruitment and induction of vascular activation, but the functionality remains open. Here, we show that endothelial Ccr2 facilitates pulmonary metastasis using an endothelial-specific Ccr2-deficient mouse model (Ccr2ecKO). Similar levels of circulating monocytes and equal leukocyte recruitment to metastatic lesions of Ccr2ecKO and Ccr2fl/fl littermates were observed. The absence of endothelial Ccr2 strongly reduced pulmonary metastasis, while the primary tumor growth was unaffected. Despite a comparable cytokine milieu in Ccr2ecKO and Ccr2fl/fl littermates the absence of vascular permeability induction was observed only in Ccr2ecKO mice. CCL2 stimulation of pulmonary endothelial cells resulted in increased phosphorylation of MLC2, endothelial cell retraction, and vascular leakiness that was blocked by an addition of a CCR2 inhibitor. These data demonstrate that endothelial CCR2 expression is required for tumor cell extravasation and pulmonary metastasis. IMPLICATIONS: The findings provide mechanistic insight into how CCL2-CCR2 signaling in endothelial cells promotes their activation through myosin light chain phosphorylation, resulting in endothelial retraction and enhanced tumor cell migration and metastasis.
| S-EPMC6445360 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The aim of the meta-analysis was to clarify the associations between vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) polymorphisms and the risk and prognosis of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). A meta-analysis was performed by searching the databases PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science for the relevant available studies until August 1st, 2016, and fourteen studies met the inclusion criteria. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to evaluate the strength of such associations. Besides, the pooled hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% CIs were used to evaluate the overall survival (OS). Fixed- or random-effects models were conducted according to existence of heterogeneity. Publication bias was evaluated using Begg's funnel plots and Egger's regression test. Overall, this meta-analysis included a total of 8,275 patients, who had been accrued between November 2002 and September 2015. Meta-analysis indicated that -2578C/A, +936C/T and +405G/C polymorphisms in the VEGF gene correlated with elevated RCC risk, especially in Asian populations. Moreover, VEGF -1154G/A and -634C/G polymorphisms were found significantly associated with poor OS of RCC. Therefore, this meta-analysis revealed that VEGF -2578C/A, +936C/T, +405G/C polymorphisms were associated with an elevated susceptibility to RCC, indicating that these three polymorphisms might be risk factors for RCC, especially in Asian populations.
| S-EPMC5564826 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Improved understanding of renal carcinoma disease biology has led to the discovery and approval of five novel therapies targeting specific molecules in the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) biochemical pathway. Biomarker studies attempting to predict response to VEGF-targeted therapies have largely focused on circulating proteins, tissue-based molecules, and germline polymorphisms. Thus far studies have yielded conflicting results that require prospective validation; therefore no definitive biomarker has yet been integrated into the clinician's armamentarium. However, early analyses featuring genomic biomarkers have generated promising findings. This article provides an overview of available biomarkers evaluated with respect to VEGF-targeted therapies in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma.
| S-EPMC4864362 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) promotes angiogenesis and vascular permeability. The VEGF gene is polymorphic. We investigated the prognostic significance of three VEGF single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in esophageal cancer.Three hundred sixty-one patients were genotyped for three VEGF SNPs (-460T/C, 405G/C, and 936C/T) using DNA extracted from prospectively collected blood samples. The association of each individual SNP, and haplotypes of the three SNPs, on overall survival (OS) was investigated.The variant allele of 936C/T was associated with improved OS compared with the wild-type genotype (log-rank P < 0.001). This association remained significant for OS after adjustments for age, gender, performance status, and disease stage [VEGF 936C/T: adjusted hazard ratio (AHR), 0.70; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 0.49-0.99; P = 0.04; VEGF 936T/T: AHR, 0.11; 95% CI, 0.02-0.82; P = 0.03]. No independent associations were found for VEGF -460T/C and VEGF 405G/C. The CGC haplotype of the three VEGF SNPs (-460T/C, 405G/C, and 936C/T) combined was associated with reduced OS compared with all other patients (CGC/CGC: AHR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.00-2.30; P = 0.05).VEGF 936C/T, and a haplotype of 460T/C, 405G/C, and 936C/T combined, has potential prognostic significance in esophageal cancer.
| S-EPMC2742698 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundImmunotherapy is a crucial therapeutic approach in oncology. However, most patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) do not derive benefit from immunotherapy. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/VEGF Receptor 2 (VEGFR2) signaling pathway is one of the most important pathways regulating angiogenesis in tumor. The combination of immunotherapy and anti-angiogenic therapy is considered to improve efficacy of immunotherapy. The correlation between VEGF signaling pathway and tumor immune microenvironment in HNSCC patients is unclear.MethodsWe utilized RNA sequencing and clinical data of HNSCC patients from the TCGA database to study the correlation between VEGF signaling pathway and tumor immune microenvironment, on aspect of immune cell infiltration, immune-related gene expression profiling and immune-related biological pathways.ResultsWe observed that VEGF signaling pathway is positively correlated with immune cell infiltration, immune-related gene expression profiles, and the prognosis of HNSCC patients. The functional enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes between different VEGF score subtypes detected multiple immune-related biological processes.ConclusionOur findings suggested that combining anti-VEGF signaling pathway agents with immunotherapy, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) therapy, may exhibit encouraging benefits in HNSCC.
| S-EPMC8290614 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for 3% of all cancer-related mortalities in adults. The risk factors for the development of RCC remain under investigation. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a key mediator of angiogenesis and is crucial for the development and metastasis of tumors, including RCC. VEGF gene polymorphisms may alter VEGF protein concentrations, affect the process of angiogenesis and may be involved in inter-individual variation in carcinogenesis. In the present study, a systematic review and meta-analysis were performed based on published case-control studies in order to estimate the association between VEGF gene polymorphisms and the susceptibility to RCC. A total of five studies that involved eight polymorphisms and were published between January 2000 and December 2012 were identified from PubMed. The results of this systematic review and meta-analysis indicate that the VEGF 936C/T, 1612G/A, -1154G/A, -2549I/D, -460T/C and 405G/C gene polymorphisms are not associated with the risk of RCC. There was no polymorphism in 702C/T and RCC and the -2578C/A gene polymorphism may be associated with an increased risk of RCC. However, due to the limitations of the present study, further high quality case-control studies are warranted to confirm these findings.
| S-EPMC3796421 | biostudies-literature