Health benefits of yoga for cancer survivors: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Niu N
PROVIDER: S-EPMC10904170 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Oct
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:BackgroundPeople living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) often experience psychological stress associated with disease management. This meta-analysis examines the benefits of yoga interventions on psychological distress among PLWHA.MethodsIncluded were studies that (a) evaluated a yoga intervention in PLWHA; (b) provided between-group or within-group changes; and (c) assessed a psychological, physiological, or biomedical outcome.ResultsSeven studies sampling 396 PLWHA (M age = 42 years, SD = 5 years; 40% women) met inclusion criteria. PLWHA who received yoga interventions reported significant improvements in perceived stress (d+ = 0.80, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] = 0.53, 1.07), positive affect (d + = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.49, 0.98), and anxiety (d+ = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.27, 1.14) compared to controls.ConclusionYoga is a promising intervention for stress management. However, the literature is limited by the small number of studies. Randomized controlled trials with objective measures of HIV-related outcomes are needed to further evaluate the benefits of yoga.
| S-EPMC6364312 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveWidespread health information exchange (HIE) is a national objective motivated by the promise of improved care and a reduction in costs. Previous reviews have found little rigorous evidence that HIE positively affects these anticipated benefits. However, early studies of HIE were methodologically limited. The purpose of the current study is to review the recent literature on the impact of HIE.MethodsWe used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines to conduct our systematic review. PubMed and Scopus databases were used to identify empirical articles that evaluated HIE in the context of a health care outcome.ResultsOur search strategy identified 24 articles that included 63 individual analyses. The majority of the studies were from the United States representing 9 states; and about 40% of the included analyses occurred in a handful of HIEs from the state of New York. Seven of the 24 studies used designs suitable for causal inference and all reported some beneficial effect from HIE; none reported adverse effects.ConclusionsThe current systematic review found that studies with more rigorous designs all reported benefits from HIE. Such benefits include fewer duplicated procedures, reduced imaging, lower costs, and improved patient safety. We also found that studies evaluating community HIEs were more likely to find benefits than studies that evaluated enterprise HIEs or vendor-mediated exchanges. Overall, these finding bode well for the HIEs ability to deliver on anticipated improvements in care delivery and reduction in costs.
| S-EPMC7646861 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundMany cancer survivors experience a wide range of symptoms closely linked to psychological problems, highlighting the need for psychological treatment, one of the most popular being mindfulness. The use of the internet has greatly increased in the last decade, and has encouraged the use of remote-based interventions to help people living with cancer access treatment remotely via devices.ObjectiveThe primary aim of this study was to explore the efficacy of internet-based mindfulness interventions on the physical symptoms of people living with cancer, where physical symptoms are defined as distressing somatic experiences (eg fatigue, insomnia, and pain) regardless of the underlying cause. The secondary aim was to investigate interventions for the quality of life (QoL).MethodsThis study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Relevant articles were systematically searched using electronic databases, namely Scopus, Medline through PubMed, Cumulated Index in Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) through EBSCOhost, and Cochrane Central Database. Randomized controlled and pilot trials involving adults and/or older adults with cancer and using remote-based mindfulness interventions compared to usual care were included. The quality of the trials included in this study was assessed using the revised Cochrane risk of bias, version 2.0. This study estimated the standardized mean difference (SMD) and mean difference (MD) with 95% CI. The I2 test was used to identify potential causes of heterogeneity. Publication bias was assessed using contour-enhanced funnel plots and the Egger linear regression test to reveal a small study effect.ResultsThe initial search yielded 1985 records, of which 13 studies were ultimately included. After treatment, remote-based mindfulness significantly reduced fatigue (SMD -0.94; 95% CI: -1.56 to -0.33; P=.002), sleep disturbance (SMD -0.36; 95% CI: -0.60 to -0.12; P=.004), and improved physical function (SMD .25; 95% CI: 0.09 to 0.41; P=.002) compared to that observed before treatment. However, compared with usual care, remote-based mindfulness showed a statistically significant reduction only in sleep disturbance (SMD: -0.37; 95% CI: -0.58 to -0.16; P=.0006) after treatment. Moreover, remote-based mindfulness was not statistically significant in reducing pain both within and between groups.ConclusionsRemote-based mindfulness shows promise in reducing sleep disturbances; however, its impact on fatigue, pain, and physical function may be limited.
| S-EPMC11870029 | biostudies-literature
Project description:A dietary protein intake (DPI) of between 0.6 and 0.8 g protein per kilogram body weight per day (g/kg/day) is frequently recommended for adults with moderate-to-advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, evidence on whether patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) actually benefit from a DPI of ≤ 0.8 g/kg/day and from a low-protein diet (LPD) at CKD stages 1-3 has not been consistent. We systematically searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Knowledge, as well as the bibliographies of articles identified in the search, for eligible randomized controlled trials that had investigated the effects of LPD (prescribed DPI < 0.8 g/kg/day) versus control diet on the progression of DKD. Nine trials that included 506 participants and follow-up periods varying from 4.5 to 60 months were included in the subsequent systematic review and meta-analysis. The data showed that patients with DKD who consumed < 0.8 g protein/kg/day had a significantly reduced decline in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (mean difference [MD] 22.31 mL/min/1.73 m2, 95% confidence interval [CI] 17.19, 27.42; P < 0.01) and a significant decrease in proteinuria (standard mean difference [SMD] - 2.26 units, 95% CI - 2.99, - 1.52; P < 0.001) versus those on the control diet. The benefits of LPD to patients with DKD at CKD stages 1-3 were a markedly decreased proteinuria (SMD - 0.96 units, 95% CI - 1.81, - 0.11; P = 0.03) and slight but significant decreases in glycated hemoglobin (- 0.42%) and cholesterol levels (- 0.22 mmol/L). Our meta-analysis indicated that a DPI of < 0.8 g/kg/day was strongly associated with a slow decline in GFR and decreased proteinuria in the patients with DKD. Patients with CKD stages CKD 1-3 benefited from LPD in terms of a marked decrease of proteinuria and slight but significant improvements in lipid and glucose control.
| S-EPMC7843835 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundLosing a loved one to suicide is an event that can have strong and potentially traumatic impacts on the lives of the bereaved survivors, especially regarding their grief, which can be complicated. These bereaved individuals are also less likely to receive social support following their bereavement. However, besides these adverse impacts, growing evidence supports the concept of posttraumatic growth following suicide bereavement. Posttraumatic growth is the personal improvement that occurs as a consequence of experiencing a traumatic or extremely challenging event or crisis. Only 1 systematic review and meta-analysis on posttraumatic growth following suicide bereavement has been conducted; this protocol is for the planned systematic review and meta-analysis update of the original systematic review and meta-analysis, as the original review collected its data in 2018.ObjectiveThis review aims to investigate demographic characteristics, correlational relationships, and facilitative factors of posttraumatic growth in individuals bereaved by suicide. In addition, as this is an update of a previous systematic review and meta-analysis, we aim to compare our findings with the original review and to identify any similarities or differences.MethodsThis protocol outlines the planned procedures of the updated systematic review and meta-analysis. MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Embase, CINAHL, Scopus, and Web of Science (Core Collection) were examined, and the search results were imported to Covidence, where title and abstract screenings and full-text screenings occurred. The inclusion and exclusion criteria for this updated review match those in the original review: (1) the study population must contain participants bereaved by suicide, (2) the study data must be quantitative, and (3) the study must report data on posttraumatic or stress-related growth. The original review conducted its search before 2019; thus, this updated review searched databases for the timeframe of January 2019 to January 2024. The updated meta-analysis will synthesize data from both the original and updated reviews to examine trends over time. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) will be used to assess publication quality. Random-effects meta-analyses will be conducted using RStudio (R Foundation for Statistical Computing).ResultsThe review was funded in October 2023 and is currently in progress. Results are expected to be finalized in October 2024. There are 21 articles that have been included in the review and are being analyzed at this time. We aim to submit the full article for publication in December 2024.ConclusionsThe results of this updated systematic review and meta-analysis will be used to examine key relationships and findings regarding posttraumatic growth in individuals bereaved by suicide. The discussion will also investigate the findings of this updated review in comparison to the findings of the original review. Any differences would be highlighted. Limitations of the current review will be discussed, such as the quality of the articles included.Trial registrationPROSPERO CRD42024485421; https://tinyurl.com/3hzpnzr3.International registered report identifier (irrid)DERR1-10.2196/64615.
| S-EPMC11888060 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionThe American College of Sports Medicine provided guidelines for exercise prescriptions in cancer survivors for specific cancer- and treatment-related health outcomes. However, there was insufficient evidence to generate exercise prescriptions for 10 health outcomes of cancer treatment. We sought to update the state of evidence.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review of these 10 understudied health outcomes (bone health, sleep, cardiovascular function, chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN), cognitive function, falls and balance, nausea, pain, sexual function, and treatment tolerance) and provided an update of evidence.ResultsWhile the evidence base for each outcome has increased, there remains insufficient evidence to generate exercise prescriptions. Common limitations observed across outcomes included: variability in type and quality of outcome measurement tools, variability in definitions of the health outcomes, a lack of phase III trials, and a majority of trials investigating breast or prostate cancer survivors only.ConclusionWe identified progress in the field of exercise oncology for several understudied cancer- and treatment-related health outcomes. However, we were not able to generate exercise prescriptions due to continued insufficient evidence base. More work is needed to prescribe exercise as medicine for these understudied health outcomes, and our review highlights several strategies to aid in research acceleration within these areas of exercise oncology.
| S-EPMC10757127 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC11919030 | biostudies-literature
Project description:While yoga seems to be effective in a number of neuropsychiatric disorders, the evidence of efficacy in multiple sclerosis remains unclear. The aim of this review was to systematically assess and meta-analyze the available data on efficacy and safety of yoga in patients with multiple sclerosis. Medline/PubMed, Scopus, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PsycINFO, CAM-Quest, CAMbase, and IndMED were searched through March 2014. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of yoga for patients with multiple sclerosis were included if they assessed health-related quality of life, fatigue, and/or mobility. Mood, cognitive function, and safety were defined as secondary outcome measures. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane tool. Seven RCTs with a total of 670 patients were included. Evidence for short-term effects of yoga compared to usual care were found for fatigue (standardized mean difference [SMD] = -0.52; 95% confidence intervals (CI) = -1.02 to -0.02; p = 0.04; heterogeneity: I2 = 60%; Chi2 = 7.43; p = 0.06) and mood (SMD = -0.55; 95%CI = -0.96 to -0.13; p = 0.01; heterogeneity: I2 = 0%; Chi2 = 1.25; p = 0.53), but not for health-related quality of life, muscle function, or cognitive function. The effects on fatigue and mood were not robust against bias. No short-term or longer term effects of yoga compared to exercise were found. Yoga was not associated with serious adverse events. In conclusion, since no methodological sound evidence was found, no recommendation can be made regarding yoga as a routine intervention for patients with multiple sclerosis. Yoga might be considered a treatment option for patients who are not adherent to recommended exercise regimens.
| S-EPMC4229199 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectivesThe question-behavior effect (QBE) refers to whether asking people questions can result in changes in behavior. Such changes in behavior can lead to bias in trials. This study aims to update a systematic review of randomized controlled trials investigating the QBE, in light of several large preregistered studies being published.Study design and settingA systematic search for newly published trials covered 2012 to July 2018. Eligible trials randomly allocated participants to measurement vs. non-measurement control conditions or to different forms of measurement. Studies that reported health-related behavior as outcomes were included.ResultsForty-three studies (33 studies from the original systematic review and 10 new studies) compared measurement vs. no measurement. An overall small effect was found using a random effect model: standardized mean difference = 0.06 (95% CI: 0.02-0.09), n = 104,388. Statistical heterogeneity was substantial (I2 = 54%). In an analysis restricted to studies with a low risk of bias, the QBE remained small but significant. There was positive evidence of publication bias.ConclusionThis update shows a small but significant QBE in trials with health-related outcomes but with considerable unexplained heterogeneity. Future trials with lower risk of bias are needed, with preregistered protocols and greater attention to blinding.
| S-EPMC7308800 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Clinical outcomes for TAVR in cancer survivors with prior chest radiation therapy (C-XRT) who develop symptomatic aortic-valve stenosis are not adequately assessed in major clinical trials leading to conflicting results. Hence, we conducted this meta-analysis to evaluate the, safety, efficacy, and mortality outcomes of cancer survivors with prior C-XRT undergoing TAVR. MEDLINE and Scopus were searched up to March 2024. Observational studies and randomized controlled trials comparing severe aortic stenosis patients with and without prior C-XRT undergoing TAVR with at least one outcome of interest were shortlisted. Data were analyzed using random-effects model to derive weighted mean differences, and risk ratios with 95% confidence intervals. Six studies with 6,191 patients (278 C-XRT and 5,913 no-C-XRT) were included. All-cause mortality at 30-day (RR 1.63, p = 0.12) and 1-year interval (RR 1.59, p = 0.08) showed no significant differences with prior C-XRT versus no-C-XRT. Worsening CHF was the only post-procedural safety outcome significantly higher in patients with prior C-XRT (RR 1.98, p = 0.0004) versus no- C-XRT. The efficacy end-points i.e., improvement in LVEF (MD 1.24; -0.50, 2.98), and aortic valve gradient (MD -0.63; -1.32, 0.05) were not significantly different. TAVR has similar all-cause mortality, efficacy and safety (except CHF worsening) among cancer survivors with and without a prior history of C-XRT.
| S-EPMC11391771 | biostudies-literature