Dataset Information

Immune persistence after different polio sequential immunization schedules in Chinese infants.

ABSTRACT: Trivalent oral poliovirus vaccine (tOPV) has been withdrawn and instead an inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) and bivalent type 1 and type 3 OPV (bOPV) sequential immunization schedule has been implemented since 2016, but no immune persistence data are available for this polio vaccination strategy. This study aimed to assess immune persistence following different polio sequential immunization schedules. Venous blood was collected at 24, 36, and 48 months of age from participants who had completed sequential schedules of combined IPV and OPV in phase III clinical trials. The serum neutralizing antibody titers against poliovirus were determined, and the poliovirus-specific antibody-positive rates were evaluated. A total of 1104 participants were enrolled in this study. The positive rates of poliovirus type 1- and type 3-specific antibodies among the sequential immunization groups showed no significant difference at 24, 36, or 48 months of age. The positive rates of poliovirus type 2-specific antibody in the IPV-IPV-tOPV group at all time points were nearly 100%, which was significantly higher than the corresponding rates in other immunization groups (IPV-bOPV-bOPV and IPV-IPV-bOPV). Immunization schedules involving one or two doses of IPV followed by bOPV failed to maintain a high positive rate for poliovirus type 2-specific antibody.

SUBMITTER: Zhao T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10904800 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Immune persistence after different polio sequential immunization schedules in Chinese infants.

Zhao Ting T Li Jing J Huang Teng T Ying Zhi-Fang ZF Che Yan-Chun YC Zhao Zhi-Mei ZM Fu Yu-Ting YT Tao Jun-Hui JH Yang Qing-Hai QH Wei Ding-Kai DK Li Guo-Liang GL Yi Li L Zhao Yu-Ping YP Chen Hong-Bo HB Wang Jian-Feng JF Jiang Rui-Ju RJ Yu Lei L Cai Wei W Yang Wei W Xie Ming-Xue MX Yin Qiong-Zhou QZ Pu Jing J Shi Li L Hong Chao C Deng Yan Y Cai Lu-Kui LK Zhou Jian J Wen Yu Y Li Hong-Sen HS Huang Wei W Mo Zhao-Jun ZJ Li Chang-Gui CG Li Qi-Han QH Yang Jing-Si JS

NPJ vaccines 20240229 1

Trivalent oral poliovirus vaccine (tOPV) has been withdrawn and instead an inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) and bivalent type 1 and type 3 OPV (bOPV) sequential immunization schedule has been implemented since 2016, but no immune persistence data are available for this polio vaccination strategy. This study aimed to assess immune persistence following different polio sequential immunization schedules. Venous blood was collected at 24, 36, and 48 months of age from participants who had comple ...[more]

PMID: 38424078

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Project description:BackgroundThe multidose Sabin-strain inactivated poliovirus vaccine (sIPV) has the potential to significantly aid in the eradication of poliomyelitis, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. As part of a phase III clinical trial in which infants were given three doses of primary immunization at 2, 3, and 4 months of age, this study aimed to evaluate immune persistence following primary immunization, as well as the safety and immunogenicity of a booster of the 5-dose sIPV in infants aged 18 months.MethodsInfants aged 18 months were given one booster dose of 5-dose sIPV in stage one, which was open-label. Unblinding was performed for stage two after completing primary immunization, which was randomized, blinded, and controlled; infants aged 18 months in the test group I-III, IPV group, and single-dose sIPV group were given one booster dose of 5-dose sIPV, conventional IPV, and single-dose sIPV, respectively, in stage two.ResultsThis study included 1438 infants in the immune persistence and safety set and 1387 infants in the booster per-protocol set. Fourteen months after primary immunization, the seropositivity rates (≥1:8) for types 1-3 were 100%, 99.88%, and 99.53% in the 5-dose sIPV groups; 100%, 98.97%, and 97.23% in the IPV group; and 99.66%, 100%, and 99.66% in the single-dose sIPV group. A total of 30 days after booster immunization, the seropositivity rates (≥1:8) of 3 serotypes in all the groups reached 100%. The geometric mean titers of neutralizing antibodies for types 1-3 in the 5-dose sIPV group were 9962.89, 10273, and 7870.21, with geometric mean increases of 15.76, 33.15, and 24.5, compared to the pre-booster level. The overall incidence of adverse reactions was 8.97%, with fever being the most common, observed at rates of 7.1%, 5.52%, and 7.96% in the 5-dose sIPV, IPV, and single-dose groups, respectively (p = 0.4845).ConclusionsThe 5-dose sIPV has shown promising immune persistence and robust immune response following a booster immunization, coupled with an acceptable safety profile.

Dataset Information

Immune persistence after different polio sequential immunization schedules in Chinese infants.

Publications

Immune persistence after different polio sequential immunization schedules in Chinese infants.

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