The reality of the use of growth hormones in fish (Rui (Labeo rohita), Catla (Catla catla), and Monosex Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) production
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Khatun P
PROVIDER: S-EPMC10915504 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Jan
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:Fingerlings of Oreochromis niloticus collected in an artificial urban lake from Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil, were evaluated for natural infection with trematodes. Morphological taxonomic identification of four fluke species was performed in O. niloticus examined, and the total prevalence of metacercariae was 60.7% (37/61). Centrocestus formosanus, a heterophyid found in the gills, was the species with the highest prevalence and mean intensity of infection (31.1% and 3.42 (1-42), resp.), followed by the diplostomid Austrodiplostomum compactum (29.5% and 1.27 (1-2)) recovered from the eyes. Metacercariae of Drepanocephalus sp. and Ribeiroia sp., both found in the oral cavity of the fish, were verified at low prevalences (8.2% and 1.6%, resp.) and intensities of infection (only one metacercaria of each of these species per fish). These species of trematodes are reported for the first time in O. niloticus from South America. The potential of occurrence of these parasites in tilapia farming and the control strategies are briefly discussed.
| S-EPMC4251074 | biostudies-other
Project description:Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is a globally significant aquaculture species rapidly gaining status as a farmed commodity. In West Africa, wild Nile tilapia genetic resources are abundant yet knowledge of fine-scale population structure and patterns of natural genetic variation are limited. Coinciding with this is a burgeoning growth in tilapia aquaculture in Ghana and other countries within the region underpinned by locally available genetic resources. Using 192 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers this study conducted a genetic survey of Nile tilapia throughout West Africa, sampling 23 wild populations across eight countries (Benin, Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, Ghana, Togo, Mali, Gambia and Senegal), representing the major catchments of the Volta, Niger, Senegal and Gambia River basins. A pattern of isolation-by-distance and significant spatial genetic structure was identified throughout West Africa (Global FST = 0.144), which largely corresponds to major river basins and, to a lesser extent, sub-basins. Two populations from the Gambia River (Kudang and Walekounda), one from the western Niger River (Lake Sélingué) and one from the upper Red Volta River (Kongoussi) showed markedly lower levels of diversity and high genetic differentiation compared to all other populations, suggesting genetically isolated populations occurring across the region. Genetic structure within the Volta Basin did not always follow the pattern expected for sub-river basins. This study identifies clear genetic structuring and differentiation amongst West African Nile tilapia populations, which concur with broad patterns found in previous studies. In addition, we provide new evidence for fine-scale genetic structuring within the Volta Basin and previously unidentified genetic differences of populations in Gambia. The 192 SNP marker suite used in this study is a useful tool for differentiating tilapia populations and we recommend incorporating this marker suite into future population screening of O. niloticus. Our results form the basis of a solid platform for future research on wild tilapia genetic resources in West Africa, and the identification of potentially valuable germplasm for use in ongoing breeding programs for aquaculture.
| S-EPMC6856548 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundFish species often exhibit significant sexual dimorphism for commercially important traits. Accordingly, the control of phenotypic sex, and in particular the production of monosex cultures, is of particular interest to the aquaculture industry. Sex determination in the widely farmed Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is complex, involving genomic regions on at least three chromosomes (chromosomes 1, 3 and 23) and interacting in certain cases with elevated early rearing temperature as well. Thus, sex ratios may vary substantially from 50%.ResultsThis study focused on mapping sex-determining quantitative trait loci (QTL) in families with skewed sex ratios. These included four families that showed an excess of males (male ratio varied between 64% and 93%) when reared at standard temperature (28°C) and a fifth family in which an excess of males (96%) was observed when fry were reared at 36°C for ten days from first feeding. All the samples used in the current study were genotyped for two single-nucleotide polymorphisms (rs397507167 and rs397507165) located in the expected major sex-determining region in linkage group 1 (LG 1). The only misassigned individuals were phenotypic males with the expected female genotype, suggesting that those offspring had undergone sex-reversal with respect to the major sex-determining locus. We mapped SNPs identified from double digest Restriction-site Associated DNA (ddRAD) sequencing in these five families. Three genetic maps were constructed consisting of 641, 175 and 1,155 SNPs from the three largest families. QTL analyses provided evidence for a novel genome-wide significant QTL in LG 20. Evidence was also found for another sex-determining QTL in the fifth family, in the proximal region of LG 1.ConclusionsOverall, the results from this study suggest that these previously undetected QTLs are involved in sex determination in the Nile tilapia, causing sex reversal (masculinisation) with respect to the XX genotype at the major sex-determining locus in LG 1.
| S-EPMC4358704 | biostudies-literature
Project description:This is the first report of outbreaks of Streptococcus iniae in Nile tilapia farms in South America. Seven isolates were identified by biochemical, serological and molecular tests. Their 16S rRNA gene sequences showed 100% similarity with S. iniae ATCC 29178 and two distinct PFGE patterns were observed for Brazilian isolates.
| S-EPMC3768829 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Since its discovery in 2014, tilapia lake virus (TiLV) has emerged as a significant cause of mortality in tilapia cultured in Asia, Africa, and South America. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of a TiLV isolate obtained during a diagnostic investigation of an ongoing mortality event involving Nile tilapia cultured in Thailand.
| S-EPMC6025939 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundTilapia lake virus (TiLV) is an emerging threat to the global tilapia industry. In early 2017, FAO declared that Bangladesh was in a high-risk zone of TiLV disease (TiLVD) spread.ObjectivesConsidering the current scenario, the present work was designed to investigate the occurrence of TiLV in cultured Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) causing TiLVD in Bangladesh.MethodsIn this study, several unusual tilapia mortality incidences were investigated. A total of 102 pooled organ samples of 102 tilapia fish were collected from 34 ponds of 25 farms in the regions of 12 Upazilas in Bangladesh from May to October 2019. As a part of the classical approach, histopathological analysis was performed. For molecular identification, both conventional and real-time PCR were used as diagnostic tools to identify TiLV in farm-raised Nile tilapia.ResultsA total of 12 representative organ samples did not show any pathognomonic lesions related to TiLV infection in histopathological analysis. Conventional and real-time PCR assays yielded negative results for TiLV.ConclusionsIn our investigation, no trace of TiLV was detected in the studied samples. A large-scale study involving a broader range of samples collected across Bangladesh, along with the application of a viral metagenomics approach, could provide valuable insights into the unusual mortalities of tilapia in the country.
| S-EPMC11826325 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveLabeo catla (catla), one of the three Indian major carps, is native to the Indo-Gangetic riverine system of India as well as the rivers of Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal and Myanmar. Its higher growth rate and compatibility with other major carps, specific surface feeding habit, and consumer preference have increased its popularity in carp polyculture systems among the fish farmers in Indian subcontinent. Recent advancement in sequencing technology coupled with massive parallel sequencing platforms has facilitated accelerated genetic improvement in aquaculture species through integration of genomics tools. A draft genome and allied resources are lacking in catla. Therefore, in the present study, we have performed de-novo assembly of Labeo catla for the first time.Data descriptionA male farm reared catla was used for extracting high molecular weight genomic DNA followed by sequencing in Oxford Nanopore and Illumina platforms. Approximately, 80× coverage of sequence data was assembled adopting the hybrid assembly strategy. The assembled genome size of catla was 1.01 Gb containing 5345 scaffolds with N50 value 0.7 Mb and more than 92% BUSCO completeness. Gene annotation resulted in 25,812 predicted genes.
| S-EPMC7469402 | biostudies-literature
Project description:This work describes the draft genome sequence of Streptococcus agalactiae strain AH2, which was isolated from moribund farmed hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus × Oreochromis aureus) in Saudi Arabia. The draft genome is composed of a single chromosome of 2,104,071 bp, with a GC content of 35.7%.
| S-EPMC9753659 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Here, we describe the whole-genome sequence of Streptococcus iniae strain AH1, which was isolated from moribund farmed hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus × Oreochromis aureus) in Saudi Arabia. The genome is composed of a single linear chromosome of 2,068,661 bp, with a G+C content of 36.8%.
| S-EPMC9202401 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BACKGROUND:Sex-determination genes drive the evolution of adjacent chromosomal regions. Sexually antagonistic selection favors the accumulation of inversions that reduce recombination in regions adjacent to the sex-determination gene. Once established, the clonal inheritance of sex-linked inversions leads to the accumulation of deleterious alleles, repetitive elements and a gradual decay of sex-linked genes. This in turn creates selective pressures for the evolution of mechanisms that compensate for the unequal dosage of gene expression. Here we use whole genome sequencing to characterize the structure of a young sex chromosome and quantify sex-specific gene expression in the developing gonad. RESULTS:We found an 8.8 Mb block of strong differentiation between males and females that corresponds to the location of a previously mapped sex-determiner on linkage group 1 of Oreochromis niloticus. Putatively disruptive mutations are found in many of the genes within this region. We also found a significant female-bias in the expression of genes within the block of differentiation compared to those outside the block of differentiation. Eight candidate sex-determination genes were identified within this region. CONCLUSIONS:This study demonstrates a block of differentiation on linkage group 1, suggestive of an 8.8 Mb inversion encompassing the sex-determining locus. The enrichment of female-biased gene expression inside the proposed inversion suggests incomplete dosage compensation. This study helps establish a model for studying the early-to-intermediate stages of sex chromosome evolution.
| S-EPMC4251933 | biostudies-literature