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Potential Alternative Receptors for SARS-CoV-2-Induced Kidney Damage: TLR-4, KIM-1/TIM-1, and CD147.

ABSTRACT: Kidney damage in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can occur even in patients with no underlying kidney disease. Signs of kidney problems can progress to a state that demands dialysis and hampering recovery. Although not without controversy, emerging evidence implicates direct infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 in the kidney. At the early stage of the pandemic, consideration was mainly on the well-recognized angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor as being the site for viral interaction and subsequent cellular internalization. Despite the abundance of ACE2 receptors in the kidneys, researchers have expanded beyond ACE2 and identified novel viral entry pathways that could be advantageously explored as therapeutic targets. This review presents the potential involvement of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4), kidney injury molecule-1/T cell immunoglobulin mucin domain 1 (KIM-1/TIM-1), and cluster of differentiation 147 (CD147) in SARS-CoV-2-associated renal damage. In this context, we address the unresolved issues surrounding SARS-CoV-2 renal infectivity.

SUBMITTER: Habeichi NJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10924798 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Potential Alternative Receptors for SARS-CoV-2-Induced Kidney Damage: TLR-4, KIM-1/TIM-1, and CD147.

Habeichi Nada J NJ Amin Ghadir G Lakkis Bachir B Kataya Rayane R Mericskay Mathias M Booz George W GW Zouein Fouad A FA

Frontiers in bioscience (Landmark edition) 20240101 1

Kidney damage in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can occur even in patients with no underlying kidney disease. Signs of kidney problems can progress to a state that demands dialysis and hampering recovery. Although not without controversy, emerging evidence implicates direct infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 in the kidney. At the early stage of the pandemic, consideration was mainly on the well-recognized angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor as being the site for ...[more]

PMID: 38287815

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Project description:Background and objectivesClinical trials in nephrology are enriched for patients with micro- or macroalbuminuria to enroll patients at risk of kidney failure. However, patients with normoalbuminuria can also progress to kidney failure. TNF receptor-1, TNF receptor-2, and kidney injury marker-1 (KIM-1) are known to be associated with kidney disease progression in patients with micro- or macroalbuminuria. We assessed the value of TNF receptor-1, TNF receptor-2, and KIM-1 as prognostic biomarkers for CKD progression in patients with type 2 diabetes and normoalbuminuria.Design, setting, participants, & measurementsTNF receptor-1, TNF receptor-2, and KIM-1 were measured using immunoassays in plasma samples from patients with type 2 diabetes at high cardiovascular risk participating in the Canagliflozin Cardiovascular Assessment Study trial. We used multivariable adjusted Cox proportional hazards analyses to estimate hazard ratios per doubling of each biomarker for the kidney outcome, stratified the population by the fourth quartile of each biomarker distribution, and assessed the number of events and event rates.ResultsIn patients with normoalbuminuria (n=2553), 51 kidney outcomes were recorded during a median follow-up of 6.1 (interquartile range, 5.8-6.4) years (event rate, 3.5; 95% confidence interval, 2.6 to 4.6 per 1000 patient-years). Each doubling of baseline TNF receptor-1 (hazard ratio, 4.2; 95% confidence interval, 1.8 to 9.6) and TNF receptor-2 (hazard ratio, 2.3; 95% confidence interval, 1.5 to 3.6) was associated with a higher risk for the kidney outcome. Baseline KIM-1, urinary albumin-creatinine ratio, and eGFR were not associated with kidney outcomes. The event rates in the highest quartile of TNF receptor-1 (≥2992 ng/ml) and TNF receptor-2 (≥11,394 ng/ml) were 5.6 and 7.0 events per 1000 patient-years, respectively, compared with 2.8 and 2.3, respectively, in the lower three quartiles.ConclusionsTNF receptor-1 and TNF receptor-2 are associated with kidney outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and normoalbuminuria.Clinical trial registry name and registration numberCANagliflozin cardioVascular Assessment Study (CANVAS), NCT01032629.

Dataset Information

Potential Alternative Receptors for SARS-CoV-2-Induced Kidney Damage: TLR-4, KIM-1/TIM-1, and CD147.

Publications

Potential Alternative Receptors for SARS-CoV-2-Induced Kidney Damage: TLR-4, KIM-1/TIM-1, and CD147.

Similar Datasets

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