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A novel GK Ala469Val variant resulting in glycerol kinase deficiency with concurrent hepatoblastoma: A case report.

ABSTRACT: Glycerol kinase deficiency (GKD) is a rare X-linked condition where glycerol cannot be phosphorylated to glycerol-3-phosphate, a key component of gluconeogenesis. Clinical presentation varies widely. We present a novel variant of the responsible GK in a patient with concurrent hepatoblastoma, whose course was complicated by hypoglycemia. Hepatoblastoma has not previously been described with GKD, highlighting the need for further research into GKD and its potential role in the pathogenesis of some forms of hepatoblastoma.

SUBMITTER: Filingeri D

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10926216 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A novel <i>GK</i> Ala469Val variant resulting in glycerol kinase deficiency with concurrent hepatoblastoma: A case report.

Filingeri Domenic D Mackey Sarah S Soller Haley H Guarneri-Tragone Alissa A Cooper James J Escobar Oscar O Bedoyan Jirair K JK

Molecular genetics and metabolism reports 20240123

Glycerol kinase deficiency (GKD) is a rare X-linked condition where glycerol cannot be phosphorylated to glycerol-3-phosphate, a key component of gluconeogenesis. Clinical presentation varies widely. We present a novel variant of the responsible <i>GK</i> in a patient with concurrent hepatoblastoma, whose course was complicated by hypoglycemia. Hepatoblastoma has not previously been described with GKD, highlighting the need for further research into GKD and its potential role in the pathogenesis ...[more]

PMID: 38469098

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Project description:Abstract Background: Hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) is common; however, pseudo-HTG due to high glycerol in glycerol kinase deficiency (GKD, MIM: 307030) is a rare cause of HTG that need to be delineated for appropriate management. GKD is an X-linked recessive disorder characterized by hyperglycerolemia and glyceroluria. Two of three GKD subtypes are known as “isolate” GKD due to a mutation in GK gene alone: (1) symptomatic juvenile form, and (2) benign adult form, associated with an incidental finding of HTG. Since most commercial laboratories determine triglyceride (TG) levels by a glycerol measurement, TG-backbone, patients with GKD are mistakenly labelled as having HTG. Glycerol-blanking is required to reveal the actual TG, but it is costly. Since usual TG-lowering medications are ineffective or even harmful, novel methods to screen for individuals with GKD or pseudo-HTG are necessary. Objective: Through identification of a clinical case of GKD that was diagnosed by glycerol-blanking, we are proposing two potential methods to screen for pseudo-HTG, and presenting their reliability. Methods: The patient was recruited into an IRB-approved study investigating etiologies of dyslipidemia at the University of Pennsylvania. Patient provided consent for medical record review. Results: A 49-year-old man was referred for HTG management. His reported TG levels ranged between 490 and 559 mg/dL without any other adverse lipid levels for several years without a history of pancreatitis or diabetes mellitus. Intriguingly, he reported a family history of HTG. Since TG-lowering medications (fibrates and fish oil) had not reduced his TG levels, specialized lipid analyses were obtained: a non-blanked TG level of 521 mg/dL and a glycerol-blanked TG of 66 mg/dL, consistent with pseudo-HTG or hyperglycerolemia. Repeat glycerol blanked TG levels were 68 and 69 mg/dL, confirming the previous result, and the likely diagnosis of GKD. With two methods, estimated TG levels were calculated, using some of his laboratory values: (1) modified Friedewald equation to solve for TG with a direct LDL (dLDL) value, and (2) the application of a newly developed formula derived from a collection of 17,545 patient samples, to calculate the absolute TG-gap, using apolipoprotein A and B, estimating TG levels (% deltaTG), and determining whether a TG mesurement might be falsely deviated from the “plausible” TG value. Although neither methods showed perfect concordance, the calculated TG-valued derived by the two methods were significantly lower than the non-glycerol blanked TG values. The difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: The patient was clinically diagnosed with GKD, and was taken off of fibrate and the recently added niacin. These two methods can be used quickly to screen for pseudo-HTG or patients with GKD. Currently, it is unknown whether high glycerol levels are associated with high cardiovascular risks.

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A novel GK Ala469Val variant resulting in glycerol kinase deficiency with concurrent hepatoblastoma: A case report.

Publications

A novel <i>GK</i> Ala469Val variant resulting in glycerol kinase deficiency with concurrent hepatoblastoma: A case report.

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Dataset Information

A novel GK Ala469Val variant resulting in glycerol kinase deficiency with concurrent hepatoblastoma: A case report.

Publications

A novel &lt;i&gt;GK&lt;/i&gt; Ala469Val variant resulting in glycerol kinase deficiency with concurrent hepatoblastoma: A case report.

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OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

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A novel <i>GK</i> Ala469Val variant resulting in glycerol kinase deficiency with concurrent hepatoblastoma: A case report.