Dataset Information

ZmELF6-ZmPRR37 module regulates maize flowering and salt response.

ABSTRACT: The control of flowering time in maize is crucial for reproductive success and yield, and it can be influenced by environmental stresses. Using the approaches of Ac/Ds transposon and transposable element amplicon sequencing techniques, we identified a Ds insertion mutant in the ZmPRR37 gene. The Ds insertion showed a significant correlation with days to anthesis. Further research indicated that ZmPRR37-CR knockout mutants exhibited early flowering, whereas ZmPRR37-overexpression lines displayed delayed flowering compared to WT under long-day (LD) conditions. We demonstrated that ZmPRR37 repressed the expression of ZmNF-YC2 and ZmNF-YA3 to delay flowering. Association analysis revealed a significant correlation between flowering time and a SNP2071-C/T located upstream of ZmPRR37. The SNP2071-C/T impacted the binding capacity of ZmELF6 to the promoter of ZmPRR37. ZmELF6 also acted as a flowering suppressor in maize under LD conditions. Notably, our study unveiled that ZmPRR37 can enhance salt stress tolerance in maize by directly regulating the expression of ABA-responsive gene ZmDhn1. ZmDhn1 negatively regulated maize salt stress resistance. In summary, our findings proposed a novel pathway for regulating photoperiodic flowering and responding to salt stress based on ZmPRR37 in maize, providing novel insights into the integration of abiotic stress signals into floral pathways.

SUBMITTER: Su H

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10955496 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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ZmELF6-ZmPRR37 module regulates maize flowering and salt response.

Su Huihui H Cao Liru L Ren Zhenzhen Z Sun Wenhao W Zhu Bingqi B Ma Shixiang S Sun Chongyu C Zhang Dongling D Liu Zhixue Z Zeng Haixia H Yang Wenjing W Liu Yingpeng Y Zheng Lingling L Yang Yuwei Y Wu Zhendong Z Zhu Yingfang Y Ku Lixia L Chong Leelyn L Chen Yanhui Y

Plant biotechnology journal 20231127 4

The control of flowering time in maize is crucial for reproductive success and yield, and it can be influenced by environmental stresses. Using the approaches of Ac/Ds transposon and transposable element amplicon sequencing techniques, we identified a Ds insertion mutant in the ZmPRR37 gene. The Ds insertion showed a significant correlation with days to anthesis. Further research indicated that ZmPRR37-CR knockout mutants exhibited early flowering, whereas ZmPRR37-overexpression lines displayed ...[more]

PMID: 38009862

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Project description:BackgroundAppropriate flowering time is very important to the success of modern agriculture. Maize (Zea mays L.) is a major cereal crop, originated in tropical areas, with photoperiod sensitivity. Which is an important obstacle to the utilization of tropical/subtropical germplasm resources in temperate regions. However, the study on the regulation mechanism of photoperiod sensitivity of maize is still in the early stage. Although it has been previously reported that ZmCCT is involved in the photoperiod response and delays maize flowering time under long-day conditions, the underlying mechanism remains unclear.ResultsHere, we showed that ZmCCT overexpression delays flowering time and confers maize drought tolerance under LD conditions. Implementing the Gal4-LexA/UAS system identified that ZmCCT has a transcriptional inhibitory activity, while the yeast system showed that ZmCCT has a transcriptional activation activity. DAP-Seq analysis and EMSA indicated that ZmCCT mainly binds to promoters containing the novel motifs CAAAAATC and AAATGGTC. DAP-Seq and RNA-Seq analysis showed that ZmCCT could directly repress the expression of ZmPRR5 and ZmCOL9, and promote the expression of ZmRVE6 to delay flowering under long-day conditions. Moreover, we also demonstrated that ZmCCT directly binds to the promoters of ZmHY5, ZmMPK3, ZmVOZ1 and ZmARR16 and promotes the expression of ZmHY5 and ZmMPK3, but represses ZmVOZ1 and ZmARR16 to enhance stress resistance. Additionally, ZmCCT regulates a set of genes associated with plant development.ConclusionsZmCCT has dual functions in regulating maize flowering time and stress response under LD conditions. ZmCCT negatively regulates flowering time and enhances maize drought tolerance under LD conditions. ZmCCT represses most flowering time genes to delay flowering while promotes most stress response genes to enhance stress tolerance. Our data contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the regulatory mechanism of ZmCCT in controlling maize flowering time and stress response.

Project description:BackgroundLong term selection experiments bring unique insights on the genetic architecture of quantitative traits and their evolvability. Indeed, they are utilized to (i) monitor changes in allele frequencies and assess the effects of genomic regions involved traits determinism; (ii) evaluate the role of standing variation versus new mutations during adaptation; (iii) investigate the contribution of non allelic interactions. Here we describe genetic and phenotypic evolution of two independent Divergent Selection Experiments (DSEs) for flowering time conducted during 16 years from two early maize inbred lines.ResultsOur experimental design uses selfing as the mating system and small population sizes, so that two independent families evolved within each population, Late and Early. Observed patterns are strikingly similar between the two DSEs. We observed a significant response to selection in both directions during the first 7 generations of selection. Within Early families, the response is linear through 16 generations, consistent with the maintenance of genetic variance. Within Late families and despite maintenance of significant genetic variation across 17 generations, the response to selection reached a plateau after 7 generations. This plateau is likely caused by physiological limits. Residual heterozygosity in the initial inbreds can partly explain the observed responses as evidenced by 42 markers derived from both Methyl-Sensitive Amplification- and Amplified Fragment Length- Polymorphisms. Among the 42, a subset of 13 markers most of which are in high linkage disequilibrium, display a strong association with flowering time variation. Their fast fixation throughout DSEs' pedigrees results in strong genetic differentiation between populations and families.ConclusionsOur results reveal a paradox between the sustainability of the response to selection and the associated dearth of polymorphisms. Among other hypotheses, we discuss the maintenance of heritable variation by few mutations with strong epistatic interactions whose effects are modified by continuous changes of the genetic background through time.

Dataset Information

ZmELF6-ZmPRR37 module regulates maize flowering and salt response.

Publications

ZmELF6-ZmPRR37 module regulates maize flowering and salt response.

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