Dataset Information

Etiology of Ulcerative Dermal Necrosis (UDN) in Brown Trout (Salmo trutta Morpha trutta)-Preliminary Results.

ABSTRACT: Every year, ulcerative dermal necrosis (UDN) affects salmonids that spend most of their lives in the sea during their migration to the rivers of northern Poland to spawn. The clinical form of the disease manifests itself in ulcerative skin lesions, which lead to significant weakening of the fish and, in most cases, result in their death. This study was carried out on samples taken from sea trout in the Słupia River in northern Poland. In order to identify the pathogen, experiments on the transmission of the disease were carried out, and additional histopathological, microbiological and electron microscopic examinations were performed. As a result of these studies, it was possible to experimentally transfer the disease from sick to healthy fish. The results indicate a complex etiology of the disease (lack of a clearly defined pathogen), in which the change in the environment from salty to freshwater triggers the related changes in skin physiology, which are the main causes of increased susceptibility to the development of the disease.

SUBMITTER: Matras M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10974025 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Etiology of Ulcerative Dermal Necrosis (UDN) in Brown Trout (<i>Salmo trutta</i> Morpha <i>trutta</i>)-Preliminary Results.

Matras Marek M Stachnik Magdalena M Kycko Anna A Wasiak Magdalena M Paździor Ewa E Maj-Paluch Joanna J Borzym Ewa E Reichert Michał M

Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) 20240315 3

Every year, ulcerative dermal necrosis (UDN) affects salmonids that spend most of their lives in the sea during their migration to the rivers of northern Poland to spawn. The clinical form of the disease manifests itself in ulcerative skin lesions, which lead to significant weakening of the fish and, in most cases, result in their death. This study was carried out on samples taken from sea trout in the Słupia River in northern Poland. In order to identify the pathogen, experiments on the transmi ...[more]

PMID: 38535594

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Project description:Metapopulation dynamics over the course of an invasion are usually difficult to grasp because they require large and reliable data collection, often unavailable. The invasion of the fish-free freshwater ecosystems of the remote sub-Antarctic Kerguelen Islands following man-made introductions of brown trout (Salmo trutta) in the 1950's is an exception to this rule. Benefiting from a full long term environmental research monitoring of the invasion, we built a Bayesian dynamic metapopulation model to analyze the invasion dynamics of 85 river systems over 51 years. The model accounted for patch size (river length and connections to lakes), alternative dispersal pathways between rivers, temporal trends in dynamics, and uncertainty in colonization date. The results show that the model correctly represents the observed pattern of invasion, especially if we assume a coastal dispersal pathway between patches. Landscape attributes such as patch size influenced the colonization function, but had no effect on propagule pressure. Independently from patch size and distance between patches, propagule pressure and colonization function were not constant through time. Propagule pressure increased over the course of colonization, whereas the colonization function decreased, conditional on propagule pressure. The resulting pattern of this antagonistic interplay is an initial rapid invasion phase followed by a strong decrease in the invasion rate. These temporal trends may be due to either adaptive processes or environmental gradients encountered along the colonization front. It was not possible to distinguish these two hypotheses. Because invasibility of Kerguelen Is. freshwater ecosystems is very high due to the lack of a pre-existing fish fauna and minimal human interference, our estimates of invasion dynamics represent a blueprint for the potential of brown trout invasiveness in pristine environments. Our conclusions shed light on the future of polar regions where, because of climate change, fish-free ecosystems become increasingly accessible to invasion by fish species.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae is a myxozoan parasite which causes economically important and emerging proliferative kidney disease (PKD) in salmonids. Brown trout, Salmo trutta is a native fish species of Europe, which acts as asymptomatic carriers for T. bryosalmonae. There is only limited information on the molecular mechanism involved in the kidney of brown trout during T. bryosalmonae development. We employed RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to investigate the global transcriptome changes in the posterior kidney of brown trout during T. bryosalmonae development. METHODS:Brown trout were exposed to the spores of T. bryosalmonae and posterior kidneys were collected from both exposed and unexposed control fish. cDNA libraries were prepared from the posterior kidney and sequenced. Bioinformatics analysis was performed using standard pipeline of quality control, reference mapping, differential expression analysis, gene ontology, and pathway analysis. Quantitative real time PCR was performed to validate the transcriptional regulation of differentially expressed genes, and their correlation with RNA-seq data was statistically analyzed. RESULTS:Transcriptome analysis identified 1169 differentially expressed genes in the posterior kidney of brown trout, out of which 864 genes (74%) were upregulated and 305 genes (26%) were downregulated. The upregulated genes were associated with the regulation of immune system process, vesicle-mediated transport, leucocyte activation, and transport, whereas the downregulated genes were associated with endopeptidase regulatory activity, phosphatidylcholine biosynthetic process, connective tissue development, and collagen catabolic process. CONCLUSION:To our knowledge, this is the first RNA-seq based transcriptome study performed in the posterior kidney of brown trout during active T. bryosalmonae development. Most of the upregulated genes were associated with the immune system process, whereas the downregulated genes were associated with other metabolic functions. The findings of this study provide insights on the immune responses mounted by the brown trout on the developing parasite, and the host molecular machineries modulated by the parasite for its successful multiplication and release.

Dataset Information

Etiology of Ulcerative Dermal Necrosis (UDN) in Brown Trout (Salmo trutta Morpha trutta)-Preliminary Results.

Publications

Etiology of Ulcerative Dermal Necrosis (UDN) in Brown Trout (<i>Salmo trutta</i> Morpha <i>trutta</i>)-Preliminary Results.

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OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

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Dataset Information

Etiology of Ulcerative Dermal Necrosis (UDN) in Brown Trout (Salmo trutta Morpha trutta)-Preliminary Results.

Publications

Etiology of Ulcerative Dermal Necrosis (UDN) in Brown Trout (&lt;i&gt;Salmo trutta&lt;/i&gt; Morpha &lt;i&gt;trutta&lt;/i&gt;)-Preliminary Results.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets

Etiology of Ulcerative Dermal Necrosis (UDN) in Brown Trout (<i>Salmo trutta</i> Morpha <i>trutta</i>)-Preliminary Results.